弗朗茨 · 冯 ·德弗雷格尔Franz Von Defregger(1835年4月30日- 1921年1月2日)是一个奥地利艺术家以生产艺术流派和历史题材的绘画作品在他的家乡提洛尔.
Franz Defregger Ederhof的生于1835年4月30日斯特罗纳克,提洛尔在奥地利帝国.他的第二个儿子玛丽亚(nee Fercher)和迈克尔•Defregger农民,也有五个女儿。他的母亲和他的两个姐妹在伤寒病于1841年去世。弗朗茨本人几乎死于发烧。在他的早年,弗朗茨开发了一个强大的对音乐的热爱,学会了玩粗管短号，他很快就被当地的一个乐队的成员Dolsach,在婚礼、总成和球。弗朗茨也显示早期的绘画天分和木雕,发达autodidactically在他父亲的农场工作。
1858年父亲去世后,弗朗茨二十三岁接管了农场。然而,两年之内,他卖掉了农场,与他的姐妹想分享这笔钱移民到美国。Defregger搬到因斯布鲁克和学习木雕Michael Stolz雕塑家因斯布鲁克贸易学院教授。Stoltz很快承认Defregger的更大的人才作为一个画家,在1860年秋天,他安排了一个会议卡尔·冯·Piloty在美术学院在慕尼黑。Piloty的建议,Defregger参加了学院预备班赫尔曼·戴克。1861年7月19日,Defregger通过了入学考试,录取的学院。在秋天的那一年,他参加一个绘画类的赫尔曼安舒茨.
在1863年的夏天,与鼓励架构师杜米尼克Stadler Defregger前往巴黎来增强他的研究学院。他进入美术学院美术学院的推荐的亚历山大Laemlein。1864年,他参加了沙龙des拒绝;沙龙目录从1864年将他列为“美术并与德”。在巴黎期间,Defregger城里的工作影响了他的经验,通过自主学习研究博物馆、艺术收藏和工作室。经过两年在巴黎,Defregger回到慕尼黑1865年7月,开始在学院学习Piloty下。
在接下来的几年中,Defregger还花时间在东蒂罗尔,画的画像他的亲戚和朋友。1867年至1870年间,他曾与汉斯Makart和加布里埃尔慕尼黑马克斯在工作室的历史画家Piloty。他的画很受欢迎,他很快就成功的作为一个艺术家。他是历史教授绘画从1878年到1910年在慕尼黑艺术学院。他更喜欢肖像,乡村日常生活主题,从1809年的提洛尔人的民族起义和戏剧性的场景。
1883年,Defregger了巴伐利亚冠的勋章,和收集个人高贵的骑士。他收到了无数的奖项和荣誉,包括普鲁士等第的科学和艺术。1906年,他的作品陈列在世纪的德国在柏林艺术展览。他的学生包括教师艺术家约瑟夫Moroder Lusenberg和汉斯Perathoner洛维斯科林斯,沃尔特·托尔雨果英格兰,和许多其他人。Defregger也与其他艺术家在工作室工作,特别是鲁道夫Epp,开发一个风格与慕尼黑学校一致。
弗朗茨Defregger在慕尼黑1921年去世,享年85岁。他被葬在Nordfriedhof在慕尼黑。
Defregger在慕尼黑的私人住宅,叫做Defregger房子,是由建筑师Georg冯Hauberrisser。在博尔扎诺的住所,别墅Defregger,建于1879年的计划根据博尔扎诺城市建筑师塞巴斯蒂安•阿尔特曼。1922年在维也纳街头艺术家被命名为“Defreggerstraße”荣誉。类似的街头证书,发生在博尔扎诺和葛瑞斯是布伦纳——已经被重命名。建于1887年,Defreggerhaus脚下的避难所Großvenediger山也以他的名字命名的。
Franz Defregger was born on 30 April 1835 at the Ederhof in Stronach, Tyrol in theAustrian Empire. He was the second son of Maria (née Fercher) and Michael Defregger, a farmer, who also had five daughters. His mother and two of his sisters died in 1841 during a typhoid epidemic. Franz himself nearly died from the fever.During his early years, Franz developed a strong love of music, and learned to play the flugelhorn.He soon became a member of a local band in Dölsach, playing at weddings, assemblies, and balls.Franz also displayed an early talent for drawing and woodcarving, which he developed autodidactically while working on his father's farm
After his father died in 1858, Franz took over the farm at the age of twenty-three.Within two years, however, he sold the farm and shared the money with his sisters who wanted to emigrate to America. Defregger moved to Innsbruck and studied woodcarving with the sculptor Michael Stolz, a professor at the Innsbrucker Trade School.Stoltz soon recognized Defregger's greater talent as a painter, and in the autumn of 1860, he arranged a meeting with Karl von Piloty at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich， At Piloty's suggestion, Defregger attended a preparatory class at the Academy with Hermann Dyck. On 19 July 1861, Defregger passed the entrance examination and was accepted into the Academy. In the autumn of that year, he enrolled in a painting class given by Hermann Anschutz.
In the summer of 1863, with the encouragement of architect Dominik Stadler, Defregger travelled to Paris to enhance his studies at the academy. He enrolled at the École des beaux-arts École des beaux-arts on the recommendation of Alexander Laemlein. In 1864, he took part in the Salon des Refusés; the Salon catalog from 1864 listed him as "élève de l'École des Beaux-Arts". During his time in Paris, Defregger's work was influenced by his experiences in the city and through autodidactic study at museums, art collections, and studios. After spending two years in Paris, Defregger returned to Munich in July 1865 and began studying under Piloty at the academy
During the next few years, Defregger also spent time in East Tyrol, painting portraits of his relatives and friends. Between 1867 and 1870, he worked with Hans Makart and Gabriel of Max in the studio of the Munich history painter Piloty. His paintings were popular, and he soon became successful as an artist. He was professor of history painting from 1878 to 1910 at the Munich Art Academy. He preferred portraits, rustic motifs from the everyday life, and dramatic scenes from the Tyrolean national uprising of 1809.
In 1883, Defregger was given the Order of Merit of the Bavarian crown, and was made a Knight of the collected personal nobility. He received numerous prizes and awards, including the Prussian Order of Merit for Science and the Arts. In 1906, his work was displayed at the Century of German Art exhibition in Berlin. His students included the Gröden artists Josef Moroder Lusenberg and Hans Perathoner, Lovis Corinth, Walter Thor, Hugo Engl, and many others. Defregger also worked alongside other artists in the studio, especially Rudolf Epp, developing a style consistent with the Munich school.
Franz Defregger died in Munich in 1921 at the age of 85. He was buried at Nordfriedhof in Munich.
Defregger's private home in Munich, called the Defregger House, was built by architect Georg von Hauberrisser. His residence in Bolzano, the Villa Defregger, was built in 1879 according to the plans of the Bolzano city architect Sebastian Altmann. In 1922 in Vienna, a street was named "Defreggerstraße" to honor the artist. Similar street dedications occurred in Bolzano andGries am Brenner—both have since been renamed. Built in 1887, the Defreggerhaus refuge at the foot of the Großvenedigermountain was also named in his honor.
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