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杨桓

 杨桓(1234-1299年),字武子,兖州人,为人宽厚,事亲笃孝,博览群籍,尤精篆籀之学,著《六书统》、《六书溯源》、《书学正韵》代表作。

  • 中文名 杨桓
  • 性别
  • 国籍中国
  • 民族汉族
  • 出生地兖州
  • 出生日期1234
  • 逝世日期1299
  • 主要成就撰写《仪表铭历日序》、参加《大元一统志》的篡修
  • 代表作品《六书统》、《六书溯源》、《书学正韵》
  • 字号字武子
人物生平

 少有大志,由诸生补济州教授,后召为太史院校书郎。奉皇帝命令撰写《仪表铭历日序》,文词典雅,赐金,辞不受,升任秘书监丞。至元三十一年(1294)拜监察御史。成宗即位,杨桓上奏章陈述时务大计二十一条,受到皇帝采纳,擢任秘书少监。参加《大元一统志》的篡修,事成归隐。大德三年(1299)召为国子司业,未赴而卒,年六十六。杨桓博学,精通古文字,著有《六书统》、《书学正韵》等书。工书法,尤精篆籀,在当时享有盛名,《环宇访碑录》有其数通篆书碑,而墨迹仅见篆书《无逸篇》。此帖入笔处笔,皆见笔锋,有别于秦汉以来小篆书的"尚婉而通"。但其修长的体势,圆润的笔致,还未离小篆的影响。

历史记载

 杨桓,幼警悟,读《论语》至《宰予昼寝章》,慨然有立志,由是终身非疾病未尝昼寝。弱冠为郡诸生,一时名公咸称誉之。中统四年,补济州教授,后由济宁路教授召为太史院校书郎,奉敕

撰《仪表铭》《历日序》,文辞典雅,赐楮币千五百缗,辞不受。迁秘书监丞。至元三十一年,拜监察御史。有得玉玺于木华黎曾孙硕德家者,桓辨识其文,曰"受天之命,既寿永昌",乃顿首言曰:"此历代传国玺也,亡之久矣。今宫车晏驾,皇太孙龙飞,而玺复出,天其彰瑞应于今日乎!"即为文述玺始末,奉上于徽仁裕圣皇后。

 

成宗即位,桓疏上时务二十一事:一曰郊祀天地;二曰亲享太庙,备四时之祭;三曰先定首相;四曰朝见群臣,访问时政得失;五曰诏儒臣以时侍讲;六曰设太学及府州儒学,教养生徒;七曰行诰命以褒善叙劳;八曰异章服以别贵贱;九曰正礼仪以肃宫庭;十曰定官制以省内外冗员;十一曰讲究钱谷以裕国用;十二曰访求晓习音律者以协太常雅乐;十三曰国子监不可隶集贤院,宜正其名;十四曰试补六部寺监及府州司县吏;十五曰增内外官吏俸禄;十六曰禁父子骨肉、奴婢相告讦者;十七曰定婚姻聘财;十八曰罢行用官钱营什一之利;十九曰复笞杖以别轻重之罪;二十曰郡县吏自中统前仕宦者,宜加优异;二十一曰为治之道宜各从本俗。疏奏,帝嘉纳之。

 

未几,升秘书少监,预修《大一统志》。秩满归兖州,以赀业悉让弟楷,乡里称焉。大德三年,以国子司业召,未赴,卒,年六十六。

 

桓为人宽厚,事亲笃孝,博览群籍,尤精篆籀之学。著《六书统》、《六书溯源》、《书学正韵》,大抵推明许慎之说,而意加深,皆行于世。

English Introduction

 Paul Mauriat's History

Few aspirations were made. Professor Buji Zhou was recruited as a scholar of Taishi University. Write the Preface of the Calendar of Appearance by the Emperor's Order, elegant dictionary, grant money, refuse to resign and be promoted to Secretary and supervisor. In the 31st year of the Yuan Dynasty (1294), he paid homage to the history of the Supervisory Authority. When the emperor succeeded, Yang Huan wrote a memorial stating that there were twenty-one current affairs, which were adopted by the emperor and appointed the Secretary as a minor supervisor. Participating in the usurpation of Dayuan Unified Records, things turned into seclusion. Dade was summoned as the head of the State in 1299, but he died in 196. Yang Huan is knowledgeable and proficient in ancient Chinese characters. He is the author of Liushutong and Zhengyun of Calligraphy. Gongshu, especially Jingzhi, enjoyed great fame at that time. There are several general seal inscriptions in Huanyu Visiting Steles, and only the seal book Wuyi Chapter can be seen in ink. This post is different from the small seal book since Qin and Han Dynasties. But its slender physique and rounded brushwork have not been separated from the influence of small seal.

Historical Records

Yang Huan, young alert, read "The Analects of Confucius" to "Zaiyu Diurnal Sleeping Chapter", with a strong ambition, because it is not a disease that has never experienced diurnal sleep for a lifetime. Weak crown for the county students, a reputation of public salt. In the fourth year of the Central Committee, Professor Buji Zhou was summoned by Professor Jining Lu as a scholar of Taishi University.

Write "Instrument Inscription" and "Calendar Preface", elegant dictionary, give a thousand and five hundred yuan, refuse to accept. Relocation of secretary to supervisor. In the 31st year of the Yuan Dynasty, he visited the history of the Supervisor. There is a jade seal in Muhua Li's great-grandson Suode's family, Huan identified his text, said, "by the order of heaven, both life and eternal prosperity", is the first words: "This ancient seal also passed down, long dead. Today's Palace Che Yan drives, Emperor Taisun Long Fei, and the Seal's resurrection, the sky should be today! "That is the beginning and end of the Seal, presented to the Empress Huirenyu.

When the emperor succeeded in the throne, he neglected 21 current affairs: first, sacrificing heaven and earth in the suburbs; second, enjoying Tai Temple to prepare sacrifices for the four seasons; third, appointing the prime minister first; fourth, meeting ministers and visiting the current political gains and losses; fifth, instructing Confucian ministers to serve the time; sixth, setting up Tai Xue and Fuzhou Confucianism to educate the students; seventh, preaching life to praise the good; eighth, serving other nobles; ninth, saying The main etiquette is to solemnize the court; the official system is to appoint redundant officials at home and abroad; the official system is to appoint officials at home and abroad; the official system is to pay attention to Qianggu's national use; the official who practices music is to seek harmony with Taichang Yale on the 12th; the son of the state is not to be subordinated to the Academy of virtue on the 13th; the official's salary is to be increased on the 14th; the official's salary is to be increased on the 15th; and the father and son's bones and flesh, slaves are to be imprison Those who complain to each other; those who decide to engage in marriage on the seventeenth day; those who stop using official money on the eighteenth day; those who resume the cane on the nineteenth day; those who are officials of counties and counties from the former officials of the Central Government on the twentieth day should be excellent; and those who are officials of counties and counties on the twenty-first day should be governed according to their own customs. Shu-piano, Di Jianazhi.

Soon after, he was promoted to the secretary's junior supervisor and previewed Dayi Tongzhi. Rank Man returned to Yanzhou, so that his brother Kai, known as Yan in the countryside. Dade three years ago, he was summoned by the son of the state. He did not go and died. He was sixty-six years old.

Huan is generous, filial, well-known and well-read, especially in the study of seal letters. His works "Six Books Collection", "Six Books Tracing Back to the Origin" and "Calligraphy Zhengyun" mostly explain Xu Shen's theory, and deepen the meaning, they all exist in the world.

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