沈铨(1682—1760),字衡之,号南苹,浙江湖州市德清县新市镇(一作吴兴(今浙江省湖州市吴兴区)人。少时家贫,随父学扎纸花。20岁左右,从事绘画,并以此为生。其画远师黄筌画派,近承明代吕纪,工写花卉翎毛、走兽,以精密妍丽见长,也擅长画仕女。创“南苹派”写生画,深受日人推崇,被称为“舶来画家第一”。
设色妍丽,工致精丽、赋色浓艳,极尽构梁之巧。画人物得不传之秘。注重写实,画风谨严工细,造型准确生动。尝写《花蕊夫人宫词》为图,笔意殊极巧妙。
对日本国画坛影响深远
雍正九年(1731)应日本天皇之聘,偕弟子郑培、高钧等东渡日本,历时3年,形成“南苹派”写生画,深受日人推崇,被称为“舶来画家第一”,从习画者颇多,日本江户时代长崎画派即在其影响下形成,尤以圆山应举最为著名。归得金帛散给友朋,橐仍萧然。
宫廷画家
沈铨归国后声誉大震,传至京城,朝廷便下旨命沈铨作画上贡,乾隆7年作《花蕊夫人宫词意》受到好评,除此,沈铨还陆续为宫廷作吉祥寓意之画,由此沈铨及弟子童衡在中国画史上被称为宫廷画家,沈铨晚年寄居于苏州,孜孜不倦地致力于书画艺术之研究,在乾隆27年81岁的沈铨还能作《花鸟图》。1762年沈铨逝世后,从子沈天骧进新市南频府,守孝三年,继承画业,唯一入室弟子童衡离开沈宅到新市明因寺为僧,闲余作画终身。沈铨把一生献给了绘画事业,在继承院体派传统的基础上,独创了强大的南频画派,在当时的江南独树一帜,有诗予以很高的评价“江南高手谁第一,吴兴沈生世无匹”。
传世作品
传世作品有《五伦图》、《柳阴惊禽》、《秋花狸奴图》、《盘桃双雉图》、《松鹤图》、《梅花绶带图》、《鹤群图》、《松鹿图》等。78岁高龄所作的《双鹤图》,构图饱满,笔力雄健,被誉为晚年精品。事迹收录于清朝《国朝画识》、《画友录》、《清画家诗史》、《清朝书画家笔录》。《练水画徵补录》记载,沈铨“字南屏,擅花鸟,侍御灼之后。”
沈铨画轩
“沈铨画轩”位于新市镇西河口风景区。会仙桥南堍,南昌街103号,一座两层楼房内。画轩由中国新市沈铨研究会(筹)主办。2008年1月25日正式对外开发。画轩分上下两层。[3]
下层展示“清史稿-艺术沈铨录”, 沈铨肖像,《听雨轩杂记》中部分摘录;展出18幅沈铨作品(仿),中间八仙桌、茶几、椅子、花架、盆景显得十分古朴优雅。吸引不少游客欣赏、摄影留念。
上层继续展出沈铨12幅作品(仿)外,中间设画桌一张,摆放文房四宝,为广大书画爱好者、艺术家提供一个书画艺术展示和交流的平台。使之纷纷抒发情怀,留下墨宝。这里又是沈铨研究会(筹)办公室,刊物《沈铨研究》就在这里编辑。
沈铨画轩以德会友,以艺会友。
沈铨故居
现浙江省德清县新市镇南汇街26号,现主人沈美玉家。考证经过:谷京叡,日本国同志社大学院博士后,原籍大连,专攻美学,在日本留学已经十年,留学期间潜心研究曾被日本人誉为“舶来第一画家”的沈铨,颇有建树。今年8月份,他与我县新市镇的一位文史研究者取得了联系,要求提供关于沈铨生平、故居、后裔概况等方面的资料。他从沈美玉的家庭史的研究中找到了线索:沈铨的儿子叫沈南宫,侄儿叫沈天骧,沈南宫无子嗣,沈天骧承继给沈铨传承香火生下沈凤祥,沈凤祥生沈春江。沈美玉还回忆起了几则往事:1960年农历二月,自己家里发现了几十个祖宗牌位,其中有沈铨、沈天骧等人的名字。家里厅堂上有一块上书“御赐、毅远堂、乾隆廿年”的牌匾,还有一副抱柱联,上、下联的最后一个字分别是“毅”和“远”,惜1974年均已焚毁。小时候她还在家里看到过一幅花鸟画,款署是“乾隆壬午时年八十一岁老翁沈铨南频”。
沈铨研究会
驻地
浙江省德清县新市镇南昌街103号
成员
顾问:杨静龙 汪孔祥 王勤华 许哲锋 寇 丹 嵇发根 邱鸿炘
会长:朱金彪
副会长:沈美玉 韦秀程 贾建忠
秘书长:韦秀程(兼)
理事: 姚应财 沈乃铮 汪涧松 许德明 凌新华
Shen Quan (1682-1760), the value of the balance, the number of Nanping, Deqing County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang new towns (one for Wuxing (now Wuzhou District, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province) people from home poverty, Painting, and to make a living.His painting division Huang Quan School of painting, near the Ming Dynasty Lu Ji, work to write flowers feathers, beasts, to precision Yanli known, but also good at painting ladies. "Sketch painting, respected by the Japanese, known as the" painter first. "
Color Lai Yan Li, the work caused by fine Li, Fu-rich color, the best structure of the Liang Qiao. Painting characters do not pass the secret. Pay attention to realism, style, rigorous work fine, accurate and vivid shape. Tasted the "Flower Palace Lady" for the map, the pen is very clever.
The Japanese art world far-reaching impact
Yongzheng nine years (1731) should be employed by the Japanese emperor, Kei disciples Zheng Pei, Gao Jun and other East to Japan, which lasted 3 years, forming a "Nan Ping faction" painting, deeply respected, known as " A ", a lot of painting from the study, the Japanese Edo era Nagasaki school that formed under its influence, especially in the most famous round Hill should be cited. Returned to the Friends of Jinbo loose, sack still Sulan.
Court painter
Shen Quan return after the reputation of the earthquake, spread to the capital, the court will decreed Shen Quan painting on the tribute, Qianlong 7 years as "Flower Lady Palace meaning" received praise, in addition, Shen Quan also for the court as auspicious meaning of the painting Shen Quan and his disciple Tong Heng in the history of Chinese painting known as the court painter, Shen Quan in his later years in Suzhou, tirelessly committed to the study of calligraphy and painting art, in the Qianlong 27 years 81-year-old Shen Quan also " . After the death of Shen Quan in 1762, Shen Tianxiang from the sub-city into the new city of South frequency, mourning for three years, inherited the painting industry, the only disciple of the disciples to leave the house to the new city Mingyin Temple monks, free painting for life. Shen Quan dedicated his life to the cause of painting, inherited the tradition of the school on the basis of tradition, the original creation of a strong Southern School of painting, at the time of the Jiangnan unique, a poem to be very high evaluation, "Jiangnan master who, Shen Shengshi matchless. "
Handed down works
The works handed down are "Five Lentou", "Liu Yan Jing poultry", "Qiuhua slaves figure", "peach double pheasant", "Songhe map", "plum ribbon map" "Loose deer map" and so on. 78-year-old made by the "double-Crane map", full composition, T force Xiongjian, known as late boutique. Deeds included in the Qing Dynasty, "the country toward the painting to know", "Friends of the painting", "Qing Dynasty poet", "Qing Dynasty painting and calligraphy." "Practice of water painting sign up for" records, Shen Quan "word Nanping, good flower and bird, Shi Yu Zhuo after.
Shen Quan painting Xuan
"Shen Quan painting Xuan" is located in the new town of West estuary Scenic Area. South Fairy Bridge, Nanchang Street, No. 103, a two-storey building. Painting Xuan by the China New City Shen Quan Research Association (chips). January 25, 2008 officially launched. Painting Xuan up and down two levels. [3]
The display of 18 pieces of Shen Quan works (imitation), the middle of the Eight Immortals table, coffee table, chairs, flower racks, bonsai is very simple and elegant. The display of the Qing dynasty. Attracting many tourists to enjoy, photography pictures.
In the upper part of the exhibition, there are 12 works of Shen Quan (imitation), the middle of a painting table, placed four treasures for the majority of painting and calligraphy lovers, artists provide a painting and calligraphy art display and exchange platform. So that they have to express feelings, leaving ink Po. Here is Shen Quan Research Association (chips) office, publication "Shen Quan study" is here editing.
Shen Quan painting Xuan to Germany will be friends, Friends of Arts will be.
Former residence of Shen Quan
Deqing County, Zhejiang Province is now the new town Nanhui Street on the 26th, is the owner Shen Meiyu home. After studying: Gu Jing Rui, Japan Doshisha University postdoctoral fellow, origin Dalian, specializing in aesthetics, studying in Japan for ten years, study abroad during the painstaking research by the Japanese as "the first painter" Shen Quan, quite achievements. In August of this year, he and a new county town of literature and history researchers made contact, asked for Shen Quan's life, former residence, descent profile and other aspects of the information. His family history from the Shen Meiyu found clues: Shen Quan's son called Shen Nangong, nephew Shen Tianxiang, Shen Nangong no heir, Shen Tianxiang inherited to Shen Quan inherited incense birth Shen Fengxiang, Shen Fengxiang Sheng Chunjiang. Shen Meiyu also recalled a few past events: 1960 Lunar New Year in February, his family found dozens of ancestral tablets, including Shen Quan, Shen Tianxiang, who's name. There is a plaque in the hall, a plaque, and a pair of pillar, the last word of the next, respectively, "Yi" and "far", but unfortunately in 1974 have been Burned down. When she was a child she saw a flower and bird painting at home, and the money department was "Shen Quan Nan Nan, an 81-year-old man named Qianlong.
Shen Quan Research Association
station
Deqing County, Zhejiang Province, the new town of Nanchang Street, No
member
Consultants: Yang Jinglong Wang Kongxiang Wang Qinhua Xu Zhefeng Kou Dan Ji Fa root Qiu Hongxin
President: Zhu Jinbiao
Vice President: Shen Meiyu Wei Xiucheng Jia Jianzhong
Secretary General: Wei Xiu Cheng (concurrently)
Director: Yao Yingcai Shen Nai Zheng Wang Jiansong Xu Deming Ling Xinhua
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