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董邦达

董邦达(1699-1769)清代官员、书画家。字孚闻、非闻,号东山,浙江富阳人。雍正十一年进士,乾隆二年授编修,官礼部尚书,谥文恪。好书、画,篆、隶得古法,山水取法元人,善用枯笔。其风格在娄东、虔山派之间。与董源、董其昌并列。

  • 中文名董邦达
  • 性别
  • 祖籍浙江
  • 出生地浙江富阳
  • 出生日期1699
  • 逝世日期1769
  • 职业清代官员、书画家
  • 代表作品《秋林渔隐图》
  • 孚闻、非闻
  • 东山
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清代宫廷绘画董邦达《西湖十景》拍出989万元

中国美术网 09-05 8093浏览

2015年12月7日,北京保利十周年秋拍在四季酒店举行,在“十全-中国清代宫廷绘画”专场中,一件有乾隆御题、董邦达绘制的《西湖十景》 最终以989万的高价落成交...
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人物简介

董邦达,雍正三年(1725)拔贡。七年,乡试中式,经刑部尚书励廷仪保举,以七品小京官在户部行走。

十一年成进士,改庶吉土。乾隆二年(1737)散馆,授为编修。次年典试陕西。

六年,充顺天乡试同考官,时方修《石渠宝笈》、《秘殿珠林》、《西清古鉴》诸书,奉命入内廷襄事。旋授中允,充日讲起居注官,晋侍讲,再晋侍读学士,入直南书房。

十二年,授予内阁学士兼礼部侍郎衔,遭母丧回籍。服未及阕,诏以素服入直内廷。嗣充会试副总裁,实授礼部侍郎。

十八年,主持江西乡试。此后,多次扈从巡幸,充殿试读卷、经筵讲授、武会试总裁等官,补授都察院左都御史,署翰林院掌院学士,迁工部尚书,转礼部,复转工部,赐紫禁城骑马。

三十四年,以老乞休。是年七月,以疾卒,赐祭葬如例,谥曰文恪。墓在富阳新桐乡(今三山镇)新店村,现为县级文物保护单位。邦达工书,尤善画。篆隶古朴;山水宗元人,多用枯笔,而气势磅礴,生面别开,乾隆帝为之题志者甚多。乾隆二十三年(1758)腊月二十四日,邦达与《红楼梦》作者曹雪芹在宗室敦诚家聚会,谈竺论画,一见如故,曾为曹氏所著《南鹞北鸢考工志》题签并撰序言,传为佳话。清中期著名画家钱维城、曾师从于他。董邦达长子董诰亦是名画家。

双重身份

董邦达具有双重身份--官员和画家。作为官员的董邦达,一生可谓仕途通达,荣耀万分。从董邦达的身世看,他是走的是科举之路,高中进士,身为朝廷命官,平日忙于公务,作画只能是董邦达的"副业",因此他并不是一位职业画家;作为画家的董邦达,他又确实擅长此道,尤其以山水画闻名,是当时一位颇有名气的画家。其画风远师 "元四家"(黄公望吴镇倪瓒王蒙),近学"清初四王"(王时敏、王鉴王翚王原祁)。他的山水画作品水墨疏淡,设色淡雅,用笔轻柔,皴法松秀,文人情趣极浓。

由于董邦达既是位地位很高的官员,同时又擅长作山水画,而且皇帝还颇为欣赏其画艺,所以在他流传众多的作品中,有一部分是属于"臣字款"的画幅,就是专门为皇帝而画的作品。从清朝的绘画来看,"臣字款"画数量很多,但是"臣字款"画作者的身份地位却悬殊颇大,其中既有"金枝玉叶"的宗室,还有地位显赫的官员,也有身份比较低下的供奉宫廷的职业画家。董邦达的存世作品中就有不少"臣字款"的画幅。但是这《秋林渔隐图》轴的署款为"董邦达谨绘",姓名前并没有冠以"臣"字,说明此图并非是为皇帝所画的,而从其他画幅中得知,如此署款,其受画人也不是等闲之辈,应当属于"亲王"、"郡王"级别的贵族,至于具体是什么人,已然不可详考了。

English is introduced

Dong Bangda (1699-1769) Qing Dynasty officials, painters and calligraphers. Word Fu smell, non-smell, No. Dongshan, Zhejiang Fuyang people. Yongzheng eleven years Jinshi, Qianlong two years of editing, the official rites minister, Shi Wen Ke. Good books, paintings, seal, under the old law, landscapes take yuan, make good use of dry pen. Its style in Lou Dong, Qian Shan sent between. And Dong Yuan, Dong Qichang tied.
Biography
       Dong Bangda, Yong Zheng three years (1725) pull Gong. Seven years, the provincial examination of Chinese, by the Board of Punishments Li Tingyi Paul held to seven products in the Ministry of small Beijing official line
       Eleven years into Jinshi, change Shugui soil. Qianlong two years (1737) scattered museum, grant for editing. The following year to try Shaanxi.
Six years, filled with shunt-day examination with the examiner, when the repair "Shiqu Bao Ji", "secret hall Zhu Lin", "West Qing Gujian" various books, was ordered into the court. Spin granted in the permit, full of life on the official note, Jin Shi speak, and then Jin Shi Di Bachelor, into the study of the South.
       Twelve years, awarded the Cabinet Bachelor and Minister of the Ministry of Rites title, was mourning home. Serving less tie, Chao to Su-straight into the court. Si charge will try the vice president, is actually Shi Lang.
       Eighteen years, presided over the Jiangxi provincial examination. Since then, many patrol cruiser, full house test read volume, the feast teaching, military test president and other officials, complement grant both inspections are left Censor, the Department of the Academy of the Academy of Hanlin Academy, moved to the Ministry of Commerce, transferred to the Ministry of Rehabilitation The Ministry of Industry, thanks to the Forbidden City riding.
Thirty-four years to beg for the old beg. Is in July, with the disease died, given the funeral as an example, Shi Yue Wen Ke. Tomb in Fuyang new Tongxiang (now three town) Xindian village, is now the county-level cultural relics protection units. Bangda work book, especially good painting. Seal the original; landscapes were Yuan, and more with the dry pen, and the magnificent, raw face do not open, Emperor Qianlong whom many of whom. Qianlong twenty-three years (1758) on the twelfth lunar month on the 24th, Banda and the "Dream of Red Mansions" author Cao Xueqin in the imperial clan Cheng family gathering, Tan Zhu painting, hit it off, was Cao's book, "South harrier kite "Inscription and write preface, for the elephants. In the middle of the Qing Dynasty famous painter Qian Weicheng, had studied under him. Dong Bangda's eldest son Dong Patent is also a famous painter.
Dual identity
Dong Bangda has a double identity - officials and painters. Dong Bangda as an official, life can be described as accessible career, glory. Dong Bangda's life experience, he is taking the imperial examination of the road, high school Jinshi, as court officials, usually busy in public service, painting can only be Dong Bangda's "sideline", so he is not a professional painter; , He is really good at this road, especially in landscape painting known, was a quite famous painter. The painting style of the Yuan Dynasty is "the Four Families of the Yuan Dynasty" (Huang Gongwang, Wu Zhen, Ni Zan and Wang Meng) and "Four Kings of the Early Qing Dynasty" (Wang Shimin, Wang Jian, Wang Hui and Wang Yuanqi). His landscape painting works ink, pale, elegant, soft pen, Cunfa Songxiu, literati taste very strong.
As Dong Bangda is a very high-ranking officials, at the same time good at landscape painting, and the emperor also quite appreciate its painting, so in his many works, some are belong to "Chen word" frame, is specifically for Emperor and painting works. From the Qing Dynasty's paintings, "Chen word" a lot of painting, but "the word character," the status of the painting artist is a considerable disparity, both "imperial branch" imperial clan, as well as prominent officials, Relatively low dedicated to the court of the professional painter. Dong Bangda's surviving works there are a lot of "minister word section" of the frame. But this "Qiu Lin fishing map" axis of the Department for the "Dong Bangda painted", the name and not before the word "minister", this figure is not painted for the emperor, and from other pictures that, So the Department of its painting by the people who are not lightly, should belong to the "Prince", "Jun Wang" level of nobility, as specifically what people are already not detailed examination.

 

 

 


 

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