方若琪美术作品

方若琪（1916—2004），号老榕、得古、常乐斋主、六桂草堂主人，笔名方里、亚里、王理、王小仲。1916年10月出生于广东省惠来县，少年时代基本在家乡度过。1928年在汕头市同济中学读初中。1931年就读于潮州韩山师范专科学校，开始向该校美术教师王显诏学习中国画。1936年考入上海美术专科学校中国画科，花鸟师从海派巨擘吴昌硕的弟子潘天寿和王个簃，山水师从汪声远，书法师从李健和马公愚。1937年抗日战争爆发，回家乡组织银河剧团和惠来银河木刻社，宣传抗日。
1941年回上海美专继续学习至毕业。下半年回家乡，在惠来中学任教，继续宣传抗日。1950年在汕头市第一中学任教，当选为汕头市文联第一届代表，作品《荷花》入选第一届全国美展。1956年在潮州韩山师范专科学校任教。1957年被错划为“右派”，遣送回乡劳动。1969年再度蒙冤，被强加上“反革命”的罪名，送劳动改造。1979年得以平反，仍回韩山师范专科学校继续执教，负责讲授外国文学课程。1981年退休定居汕头，潜心书画。1996年个人作品集《当代画家作品集·方若琪》由北京朝华出版社出版。1998年作品《迎春》发表于《人民画报》第12期。2001年作品先后参加潮汕地区赴广东美术馆和中国美术馆展览，并被收入《世界潮人美术作品邀请展画集》等。2002年应邀在广州艺术博物院举办“方若琪画展”，并向该院捐赠部分作品，由该院编辑出版个人作品选集《方若琪画展作品选》。2004年4月在汕头病逝。
艺术特色编辑
广东海派画家的笔墨来源虽然近似，但在价值取向上却并不相同。就方若琪而言，他更注重于对海派尤其是吴昌硕笔墨精髓的吸收和融化方面。
方若琪在上海美专求学期间，其花鸟画老师潘天寿尚未脱出吴昌硕的窠臼，王个簃则毕生以追踵吴昌硕为指归。因此，方若琪从潘天寿和王个簃那里接受过来的当然主要还是吴昌硕的衣钵。从他早　年与其同乡兼同窗好友、另一位广东海派画家张学武合作的《喜上眉梢》（1948年，其中喜鹊为张学武画，其余为方若琪画，见《方若琪画展作品选》，广州艺术博物院，2002年8月）来看，无论笔墨结构程式还是色彩铺陈经验，均与吴昌硕有着极其密切的血缘关系；尤其是二十多年后方若琪补画的两株红梅骨格劲健，姿态横逸，深得吴氏笔墨三昧，与吴氏之作相较几可乱真。中、后期作品的个人风格虽然不断得到加强，但仍不失吴氏气格雄厚、赋色浓重的典型特征。如《牡丹》（1994年，见《当代画家作品集·方若琪》）花团锦簇，硕大红艳的花朵所显示的正是吴氏花卉典型的“内虚外实”的视觉图式——花朵的外轮廓状物精确，而轮廓内部花瓣之间则相互交融，蒙茸浑化。这种介于“化”与“不化”之间的状态，使每个花朵似乎都蕴藏着向外扩张的巨大能量，却又被禁锢在轮廓线以内而无法释放。这种力量的对峙使画面产生了一股昂扬向上的阳刚之气。《白梅》（见《当代画家作品集·方若琪》）以篆籀笔法塑造横竖枝柯，以行草笔法勾勒片片白梅，流露出一股人格化的清刚傲岸之气，正如画中题款所云：“冰雪林中著此身，不同桃李混芳尘。忽然一夜清香发，散作乾坤万里春。”描绘葫芦的《如今莫再装胡涂》（见《当代画家作品集·方若琪》），以及描绘石榴的《多子榴》（1980年）、《万树榴花万树红》（1985年）（均见《方若琪画展作品选》）等，均从不同侧面体现出方若琪对吴氏精髓的全面领略。
此外，方若琪的少数作品也受到另一位海派代表人物任伯年的影响，如《人人栽牡丹》（1954年）、《水仙》（1986年）（均见《方若琪画展作品选》）等，均不乏任氏妍丽清新的韵致。但与吴、任不同的是，方若琪在枝叶图式的处理上有独到之处：对于枝干，他基本上是采用没骨复加墨线双勾的笔法；对于叶片，则是在青、绿色的基础上以浓墨勾出叶脉的中心一线，而略去两旁的次要部分，给人以返璞归真之感。虽然方若琪的用笔难及吴昌硕的大气雄风，但却呈现出一种虽乱头粗服而又不同于吴昌硕的意味——这是一种“拙”的意味，但并不等同于吴昌硕饱经沧桑的“古拙”，也不等同于齐白石童子涂鸦般的“稚拙”，而是一种随意、恣肆、生涩、苍莽、倔强、甚至粗野、草率等兼而有之的“生拙”。它是一位对世事淡然于胸的老者无心自达的笔迹流露；它未必笔笔俱精，却老而弥坚，充满蓬勃的生命力。李伟铭认为，方若琪的花鸟画代表了岭东地区中国画坛上一种独立自存的风格力量：“以往，在议论岭东地区的中国画风格的时候，局外人经常会津津乐道于‘清丽’、‘飘逸’等字眼，而对于奇崛峥嵘的气骨、力度往往未曾涉猎。方若琪的出现，对我们认识岭东地区中国画风格及其精神气质的多样性，无疑将提供更充分和更富于说服力的证例。”（李伟铭《气骨峥嵘：方若琪的花鸟画》，载《方若琪画展作品选》）

Fang Reqi (1916, 2004) , date old banyan, get ancient, Chang Lezhai advocate, host of 6 Gui Cao hall, pseudonym square in, inferior in, Wang Li, Wang Xiaozhong. Was born in Guangdong to save benefit to come in October 1916 county, boyhood is spent basically in home town. Aid middle school was the same as to read junior high school in Shan head city 1928. Read schools of normal school of hill of Han of Yu Chao city 1931, begin to learn China to draw to Wang Xianzhao of teacher of this school art. Studied family of the traditional Chinese painting in Shanghai art training school 1936, the birthday of child Pan day that division of painting of flowers and birds in traditional Chinese style sends thumb Wu Changshuo from the sea and king Ha , landscape division from Wang Shengyuan, calligraphy division is mixed from Li Jian Ma Gongyu. The War of Resistance Against Japan erupted 1937, company of woodcarving of the Milky Way of He Huilai of troupe of the Milky Way of organization of country coming home, conduct propaganda fights day.
Answered Shanghai beauty to continue to learn only 1941 to graduation. Second half of the year answers home town, learn to teach in Hui Laizhong, continue to publicize fight day. In Shan head city the first middle school taught 1950, be elected as couplet of article of city of the head that it is Shan the first delegate, work " lotus " selected beauty of the first whole nation is exhibited. Taught in schools of normal school of hill of current state Han 1956. Was delimited be by the fault 1957 " right-wing " , repatriate return to one's native place works. Covered loss once more 1969, be forced to go up " counter-revolutionary " accusation, send reform through labor. Was able to rehabilitate 1979, still answer schools of Han hill normal school to continue to teach, be in charge of course of literature of tuitional foreign country. Emeritus 1981 resident Shan head, painting and calligraphy of with great concentration. 1996 individual work collect " Fang Reqi of · of collect of contemporary artist work " by Beijing Chao Hua press is published. 1998 work " winter jasmine " publish at " people pictorial " the 12nd period. Work attended wet Shan area to go to Guangdong art gallery and exhibition of Chinese art gallery early or late 2001, and by income " work of art of world wet person invites the market that exhibit a picture " etc. Held in Guangzhou artistic museum on invitation 2002 " Fang Reqi art exhibition " , present partial work to this courtyard, by this courtyard the editor publishs individual work selected works " art exhibition work chooses Fang Reqi " . Died of illness in Shan head in April 2004.
Artistic trait edits
Although the writing origin of painter of Guangdong sea manner and air is approximate, but not identical however on value orientaton. With respect to Fang Reqi character, he is paid attention to more at be opposite the sea is sent especially of marrow of Wu Changshuo writing absorb and melt respect.
Fang Reqi seeks term only in Shanghai beauty, its painting of flowers and birds in traditional Chinese style draws teacher Pan Tianshou have not the set pattern of emergence Wu Changshuo, king Ha is lifetime return in order to chase after heel Wu Changshuo to point to. Accordingly, fang Reqi is mixed from Pan Tianshou king accept over there Ha those who come over is main of course the legacy that still is Wu Changshuo. From him one's early years and its fellow villager hold sea of another schoolfellow good friend, Guangdong concurrently to send painter Zhang Xuewu to cooperate " be radiant with joy " (1948, among them magpie is drawn for Zhang Xuewu, the others is Fang Reqi to draw, see " art exhibition work chooses Fang Reqi " , guangzhou artistic museum, in August 2002) in light of, no matter writing structure form still is colour elaborate experience, all having extremely close kin with Wu Changshuo; Especially more than 20 years rear if fine jade the case of bone of Gong Mei of two individual plant of filling picture is strong be good at, attitude horizontal ease, get Wu writing secret greatly, with Wu make relatively a few but look genuine. Although the individual style of work of medium, later period gets strengthening ceaselessly, but still do not break Wu to enrage case the typical feature of the abundant, dense that endow with color. Be like " peony " (1994, see " Fang Reqi of · of collect of contemporary artist work " ) bouquets of flowers and piles of silks-rich multicolored decoration, what the flower place of huge Gong Yan shows is Wu flowers model " inside the fact outside empty " the vision is schematic -- of flower outside outline shape thing is exact, and outline blends each other between in-house leaf, muddy of unconscious fine and soft is changed. This kind of interpose at " change " with " do not change " the condition between, make every flower appears the tremendous energy that Dou Yun is hiding outward dilate, be in by confine again however contour line less than and cannot release. Of this kind of force confront each other make the picture produced high-spirited up Yang Gang's gas. " Bai Mei " (see " Fang Reqi of · of collect of contemporary artist work " ) read aloud with seal calligraphy or drawing models branch of in any case to stalk or branch, with travel grass calligraphy or drawing draws the outline of every piece Bai Mei, what the Qing Gang that reveals an anthropomorphize prouds is angry, fund place cloud inscribes in picture of no less than: "This body is written in forest of ice and snow, different one's pupils or disciples mixes fragrant dirt. Suddenly one night faint scent is sent, san Zunqian female 10 thousand lis spring. " those who depict calabash " Mo Zai installs Hu Tu nowadays " (see " Fang Reqi of · of collect of contemporary artist work " ) , and those who depict pomegranate " much child pomegranate " (1980) , " Hua Moshu of pomegranate of 10 thousand trees is red " (1985) (all see " art exhibition work chooses Fang Reqi " ) etc, all reveal Fang Reqi to be opposite from different side put oneself in another's position of Wu marrow appreciate in the round.
In addition, the influence that a few work of Fang Reqi also is sent delegate character Ren Bainian by another sea, be like " everybody grows peony " (1954) , " narcissus " (1986) (all see " art exhibition work chooses Fang Reqi " ) etc, all there is no lack of beautiful assuming a family name beautiful pure and fresh charm is sent. But with, those who allow to differ is, fang Reqi has original place on the processing with schematic branches and leaves: To limb, he basically is to use do not have bone answer to add the line in a carpenter's ink marker double the calligraphy or drawing that tick off; To blade, it is the central a gleam of that ticks off a nervation with thick Chinese ink on the foundation of green, green, and skip the minor part of both sides, put in true feeling 's charge in order to return uncut jade to the person. Although air of Fang Reqi that reachs Wu Changshuo hard with the pen is grand wind, but appear however although random head is thick,give a kind take and the imply that is different from Wu Changshuo -- this is a kind " clumsy " imply, but not be equal to have been through the vicissitudes of life at Wu Changshuo " Gu Zhuo " , also not be equal like doodle of boy of Yu Qibai stone " childish clumsy " , however a kind of optional, free and natural, jerky, Cang Mang, stubborn, graceless even, cursory wait to hold concurrently and have " unripe clumsy " . It is a handwriting that amounts to oneself involuntarily at pectoral old man indifferently to affairs of human life is revealed; Essence of all of pen of pen of its may not, old however and cover firm, be full of flourishingly vitality. Li Weiming thinks, picture of painting of flowers and birds in traditional Chinese style represented mountain range east force of style of on altar of the traditional Chinese painting in the area one kind of independent self-existent: "Before, in eristic mountain east when the China of the area draws a style, take delight in talking about of outsider classics regular meeting at ' Qing Li ' , ' elegant ' wait for a word, and the gas bone to strange extraordinary rising abruptly, strength often have not dabble. Of Fang Reqi appear, know mountain range to us east style of the traditional Chinese painting in the area and the diversity with its temperamental spirit, will offer undoubtedly mix more adequately more abound the card exemple of conviction. " (Li Weiming " gas bone extraordinary: Fang Reqi's painting of flowers and birds in traditional Chinese style is drawn " , carry " art exhibition work chooses Fang Reqi " )