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陈从周

( 中国美术家协会会员 )

陈从周(1918-2000),原名郁文,晚年别号梓室,自称梓翁。1918年11月27日生。浙江杭州人,中国闻名的著名古建筑园林艺术专家,大专文化,中共党员,同济大学教授,博士生导师,擅长文、史、兼工诗词、绘画。著有《说园》等。

  • 中文名陈从周
  • 性别
  • 国籍中国
  • 民族汉族
  • 出生地浙江杭州
  • 出生日期1918-11-27
  • 逝世日期2000-03-15
  • 职业美术家
  • 擅长山水,花鸟,其他
艺术家陈从周简介

陈从周(1918-2000),原名郁文,晚年别号梓室,自称梓翁。
1918年11月27日生。浙江杭州人,中国闻名的著名古建筑园林艺术专家,大专文化,中共党员,同济大学教授,博士生导师,擅长文、史、兼工诗词、绘画。著有《说园》等。
陈从周童年时期即喜欢养花种草、叠石理水和观察工匠造房起屋,并喜爱绘画,喜背古诗。
1938年,入之江大学文学系中国语文学科。诗词师承夏承焘教授。1942年毕业后,受聘于杭州省立高级中学,市立师范学校、上海圣约翰附属高中任国文、历史教员,
1944年,与海宁蒋定结婚,蒋定为徐志摩姻兄妹,得悉志摩轶事,开始了对徐志摩的钻研。同时,被著名画家张大千所赏识,成为张大千之入室弟子,攻山水人物花卉。
1948年,在上海首开个人画展,以“一丝柳,一寸柔情”的诗情画意引起画坛的瞩目。
1949年,发表处女作“徐志摩年谱”,成为当今研究徐志摩和中国现代文学史的宝贵资料。
中华人民共和国成立以来,积极从事保护、发掘古建筑工作。他揉中国文史哲艺与古建园林于一炉,出版了第一本研究苏州园林的专著,其《说园》五篇,总结了中国园林的理论。晚年参加多处园林设计实践,直接参与指导了上海、浙江诸多古园的维修和设计工作。
1950年,任苏州美术专科学校副教授,教授中国美术史,结识古建筑专家刘敦桢教授,开始了陈从周教授的古建筑生涯。同年秋,执教于圣约翰大学建筑系,正式教授中国建筑史。
1951年,出版“陈从周画集”,兼受聘于之江大学建筑系,还兼课于苏南工业专科学校,课余开始了苏州古建筑、古园林以及诸多的名人故居的考察。
1952年,院系调整,之江大学、圣约翰大学建筑系与交通大学、同济大学土木系合并组建同济大学建筑系,陈从周执教于同济大学建筑系,并受黄作燊副主任之托筹建建筑历史教研室。
1953年,于《文物参考资料》杂志上发表了第一篇有关古建筑考察专文——吴县洞庭东山杨湾庙。
1954年,参与指导上海龙华寺塔修理工程,
1956年,代表作《苏州园林》问世。它是第一本研究苏州园林的专著。在这本书里陈从周提出了“江南园林甲天下,苏州园林甲江南”的论断,抓住了苏州园林的最根本的本质特征——文人园林的诗情画意,还总结归纳了中国园林造园手法,诸如借景、邻虚、屏障、对景等。
1959年,参与主持上海建筑三史工作,所谓“三史”是古代史、近代史和中华人民共和国建立年史,皆为建筑史,在上海市建委领导下,对于搜集、保存上海近代建筑史料做出了积极的贡献。
60年代初,参与指导上海豫园、嘉定孔庙、松江余山秀道者塔的修复、设计工作。同时,由苏州到扬州,开展扬州园林的考察研究工作。在浙江古建筑考察中发现了安澜园遗址,在扬州园林考察中发现了石涛和尚叠石遗作——片石山房。协助、参与梁思成设计扬州大明寺鉴真和尚纪念堂,陆续在《文物参考资料》、《文物》、《同济大学学报》上发表有关古建筑、古园林考察文章。
1963年,获硕士导师资格,
1966年,在文化大革命中陈从周受到了迫害,
1971年,下放皖南干校,1972年,开始参与连云港海靖寺塔修理工程,
1974年,指导阿尔巴尼亚进修教师。考察了济南、曲阜、泰安、聊城地区的古建筑,为保存聊城明初光岳楼大木结构做出重要贡献。
1975年,在极艰难困苦的条件下著述《梓室余墨》40余万字,详细记述了一生中的交往、研究、各地山川风光、民俗、民情、遗闻轶事。
1976年“四人帮”被粉碎,陈从周绝处逢生。多年积压在心头的话,一下子爆发出来,这就是《说园》的第一篇,对古建筑、古园林的正确评价和多年破坏的无情抨击,引起社会强烈反响,《说园》五篇情真意切,融文史哲艺与园林建筑于一炉,受到国内外学者的好评,纷纷出版不同版本、译本,前后有英文译本、日文译本,以及德文、法文、意文本。
1978年,将苏州园林局部模制,输出至美国纽约大都会博物馆,即明轩,成为新中国以来园林文化建筑对外输出之先河。贝聿铭雅嘱他写就长卷水墨丹青《名园青霄图卷》,复请国内文化耆宿、书法名家题咏,现存纽约贝氏园,成为一件极为珍贵的书画名品。
1980年秋,首次指导日本来华研究学者关口欣也博士。为适应全国各地的旅游热,修复名胜古迹热,提出“还我自然”、“文化旅游”、“先绿后园”、“绿文化”等响亮口号,针对社会上的“一切向钱看”倾向,提出“梓翁画图不要钱”,“一文不取,敞开供应”,学校教师应是“万卷户”等。到处演讲报告,所到之处极受领导、群众的欢迎和接待。有心人对陈从周的散文、杂谈、诗词歌赋先后编辑出版了《园林谈丛》、《书带集》、《春苔集》、《帘青集》、《随宜集》、《山湖处处》。1985年,受聘为美国贝聿铭建筑设计事务所顾问。
1986年,编辑出版《绍兴石桥》,同年秋,应邀赴日参加日本建筑学会成立百年庆典。
1987年,主持上海豫园东部的复原设计,成为上海招待国宾最佳处所之一。并于同年,获日本园林学会名誉会员称号。主编《上海近代建筑史稿》出版。1988年,宁波天一阁东园竣工。
1990年,香港、台湾联合出版《中国名园》,全书用诗词一般的语言描述各地园林之精华。
1991年冬,云南安宁楠园竣工。陈从周自评说“纽约的明轩,是有所新意的模仿;豫园东部是有所寓新的续笔,而安宁的楠园,则是平地起家,独自设计的,是我的园林理论的具体体现。”
1991年底,香港商务印书馆出版了陈从周的最新散文集《书边人语》。
陈从周是位才华横溢的人,具有诗人、画家的感情和气质,又有中国文人所特有的幽默诙谐。他并不善于言辩,但他的演讲或报告,常是风趣横生,令人捧腹大笑。他很努力,勤于耕耘,每日必写必画,从不停笔。他心地极好,虽然受过许多打击、排挤的伤害,但他从来没有害人之心。他没有架子,对人对事一律平等.

个人简历
1918年11月27日生于浙江省杭州市。
1938—1942年就读于之江大学文学系,获文学学士学位。
1942—1949年任杭州、上海等处高级中学、师范学校国文、历史、教育史、生物学教员。
1950年任苏州美术专科学校副教授,并执教于圣约翰大学。
1951年任教于之江大学建筑系,兼任苏南工业专门学校副教授。
1952年于同济大学建筑系任教,筹划组建建筑历史教研室。
1955年任同济大学建筑历史教研组组长、副教授。
1978年任同济大学建筑系教授。
1985年受聘为美国贝聿铭建筑设计事务所顾问。
1989年应聘为台湾《造园》季刊顾问,并获日本园林学会海外名誉会员称号。
2000年3月15日去世

Introduction to the artist

Chen Congzhou (1918-2000) , yuan Mingyu article, old age alias catalpa room, profess catalpa old man.
Unripe on November 27, 1918. Zhejiang Hangzhou person, expert of China's famed art of gardens of well-known ancient building, culture of three-year institution of higher learning, party member of the Communist Party of China, with aid college professor, doctoral student adviser, be good at article, history, word of poem holding labour concurrently, painterly. have " say garden " etc.
Period of Chen Congzhou childhood likes to raise a flower to plant namely water of the careless, manage that fold stone and observation craftsman build the house since the room, love to draw, be fond of back ancient poetry.
1938, the river university literature that enter ties Chinese Chinese course. Cheng Dao teachs poetic word Shi Chengxia. After graduating 1942, suffer hire Yu Hang city provincial and high middle school, city establishs testament of training school, Shanghai to writing brush accessary high school holds the post of a country teacher of article, history,
1944, marry surely with Hai Ning Jiang, jiang Ding is Xu Zhi rub marriage sibling, thing of Ma Yi of hear of annals, began pair of Xu Zhi rub study. In the meantime, by famous artist magnify 1000 appreciate, become magnify thousand into room child, attack landscape character flowers.
1948, be in Shanghai first individual art exhibition, with " a willow, a inch of tender feelings " poetics picture meaning causes those who draw altar to fix eyes upon.
1949, publish a maiden work " Xu Zhi rub a chronicle of sb's life " , make keep in mind of current research Xu rub and China is contemporary the valuable data of literary history.
Since People's Republic of China holds water, be engaged in actively protecting, disentomb ancient building works. He kneads Chinese literary history sagacious art and Gu Jianyuan Lin Yuyi furnace, published the first monograph that studies Suzhou gardens, its " say garden " 5, summed up the theory of Chinese gardens. Old age attends much place gardens to design practice, participate in directly coached the maintenance of a lot of Gu Yuan mixes Shanghai, Zhejiang the design works.
1950, hold the post of associate professor of Suzhou art training school, professor China art history, get acquainted with Dui Zhen of Liu of ancient building expert to teach, began the ancient building career that Chen Congzhou teachs. Autumn of of the same age, teach to writing brush at testament the university builds a department, formal professor China is built history.
1951, publish " Chen Congzhou draws volume " , hold <> concurrently suffer hiring Yu Zhijiang university to build is, return schools of industry of Yu Suna of do some teachings in addition to one's main occupation, after school began Suzhou ancient building, Gu Yuanlin and a lot of celebrity former residence make an on-the-spot investigation.
1952, courtyard department is adjusted, building of the department of building of river university, testament writing university and traffic university, university that be the same as aid is amalgamative establishing the university that be the same as aid to build is, chen Congzhou teachs to build a department at be the same as aid university, get the yellow vice director that make hold in the palm prepare to construct building history staff room.
1953, at " cultural relic reference material " the first is published to make an on-the-spot investigation about ancient building on the magazine only civil -- temple of Yang Wan of Dongshan of prefectural hole front courtyard.
1954, participate in tower of temple of directive Shanghai dragon China to repair a project,
1956, masterpiece " Suzhou gardens " come out. It is the first monograph that studies Suzhou gardens. In this book Chen Congzhou put forward " the world of armour of Changjiang Delta gardens, changjiang Delta of Suzhou gardens armour " judgment, the most essential essential feature that captured Suzhou gardens -- the poetics picture meaning of bookman gardens, returned summary to induce gimmick of Chinese gardens garden, such as borrows scene, adjacent empty, protective screen, right scene.
1959, participate in chair Shanghai to build 3 history the job, alleged " 3 history " it is archaic history, mordern history and People's Republic of China are built year history, all be building history, build in Shanghai appoint below the leader, to collect, saved historical materials of Shanghai latter-day building to make positive contribution.
At the beginning of 60 time, participate in directive Shanghai comfort garden, fine the rehabilitate of tower of the person that Yu Shanxiu of calm Confucian temple, Songjiang, design works. In the meantime, arrive by Suzhou Yangzhou, develop Yangzhou park inspect research work. In Zhejiang ancient building relics of the garden that install billows discovered in making an on-the-spot investigation, in Yangzhou gardens in making an on-the-spot investigation, discovered Shi Tao bonze folds stone posthumous work -- piece Shi Shan room. Assistance, participate in Liang Saicheng to design Yangzhou big memorial hall of true bonze of bright temple ancient bronze mirror, be in in succession " cultural relic reference material " , " cultural relic " , " journal of the university that be the same as aid " on publish research an article about ancient building, Gu Yuanlin.
1963, obtain Master adviser qualification,
1966, in the Great Cultural Revolution Chen Congzhou got persecute,
1971, work south Anhui of transfer to a lower level school, 1972, begin to participate in tower of temple of pacify of sea of the harbor that connect the cloud to repair a project,
1974, teacher of directive Albania attend in a advanced studies. Inspected the ancient building of Jinan, Qu Fu, Tai'an, area talking about a city, make important contribution to save large wood construction of building of the Guang Yue at the beginning of Liao Chengming.
1975, book finishs in the condition of extremely hard pinch " catalpa room Yu Mo " 40 more than word, detailed record and narrate thing of Wen Yi of scene of mountains and rivers-land of the association in lifetime, research, each district, folk-custom, public feelings, involuntary discharge of urine.
1976 " 4 people are helped " be smashed, chen Congzhou be unexpected rescued from a desperate situation. Old keep long in stock is in the word of mind, erupt at a draught, this is " say garden " the first, the accurate assessment to ancient building, Gu Yuanlin and the merciless assail that destroy for years, cause a society intense echo, " say garden " intendment cuts 5 condition, sagacious of literary history of be in harmony art build with gardens at one furnace, get of domestic and international scholar reputably, publish different version, translation in succession, around has English translation, Japanese translation, and text of heart article, French, meaning.
1978, suzhou gardens local moulding, output reachs American new York cosmopolitan museum, namely Ming Xuan, since becoming new China, gardens culture builds the beginning that outputs external. He writes elegant enjoin of shellfish Yu inscription to grow a water Chinese ink to painting " graph of renown garden blue sky coils " , answer ask problem of a person of academic or artistic distinction of domestic culture very old people, calligraphy to chant, garden of family name of shellfish of existent new York, become a very precious painting and calligraphy the name is tasted.
1980 autumn, coach Japan comes first China glad of research scholar col also doctor. To get used to the travel heat of countrywide each district, repair famous places and historical sites is hot, put forward " return my nature " , " culture travels " , " first green hind field " , " green culture " etc resonant catchword, in the light of socially " everything looks to money " the tendency, put forward " draw does not want catalpa old man money " , "One article is not taken, open wide supply " , school teacher should be " 10 thousand door " wait. Make a speech everywhere report, the point that reachs extremely welcome and recieve what suffer leader, masses. Ode of song of the essay to Chen Congzhou, by-talk, poem word edits a person with high aspirations and determination early or late published " gardens Tan Cong " , " the book takes part " , " Chun Tai collect " , " shade blueness collect " , " the collect that follow appropriate " , " hill lake. 1985, suffer hire for the United States Bei Yuming builds design office adviser.
1986, the editor is published " carry on promotes Shi Qiao " , autumn of of the same age, go to day to attend Japanese architecture to be able to establish hundred years celebration on invitation.
1987, those who uphold the eastpart part of Shanghai comfort garden recover from an illness design, become Shanghai to entertain state guest one of optimal location. And at of the same age, obtain Japanese gardens to learn reputation member name. Chief editor " Shanghai is latter-day building history stalks of grain " publish. 1988, peaceful wave day one Ge Dongyuan complete.
1990, hong Kong, Taiwan is published jointly " Chinese name garden " , whole book describes the elite of each district gardens with the language with poetic average term.
1991 winter, yunnan is quiet Nan garden complete. Chen Congzhou is commented oneself " the Ming Xuan of new York, be somewhat of new idea imitate; Comfort garden the eastpart part is somewhat the add pen with new residence, and quiet Nan garden, it is flat build up, design alone, be my gardens theory is specific reflect. Be my gardens theory is specific reflect..
By 1991, hong Kong business affairs imprints the newest essay volume that book house published Chen Congzhou " language of book edge person " .
Chen Congzhou is a brilliant person, have the feeling of poet, painter and temperament, have Chinese bookman place again peculiar humour is humorous. He is not good at character argue, but his speech or report, often be humor be overflowing with, belly laugh making a person. He very hard, diligent Yu Gengyun, daily write surely draw surely, never stop a pen. His heart terrestrial pole is good, although had sufferred a lot of blow, harm that elbow out, but the heart that he never kills a person. He does not have frame, uniform to the thing to the person equality.

Resume
Was born at Zhejiang to visit Hangzhou town on November 27, 1918.
1938, reading literature of Yu Zhijiang university 1942 is, obtain literary bachelor's degree.
1942, the point such as Ren Hang city, Shanghai is high 1949 teacher of article of country of middle school, training school, history, education history, biology.
Held the post of associate professor of Suzhou art training school 1950, teach to make an appointment with writing university at emperor.
Taught 1951 university building is Yu Zhijiang, hold Su Na industry part-time special school associate professor.
Taught at building a department with aid university 1952, plan establish building history teaching and research section.
Allowed to build group leader of historical teaching and research group, associate professor with aid university 1955.
Allowed to build department professor with aid university 1978.
Sufferred 1985 hire for the United States Bei Yuming builds design office adviser.
Applied for 1989 for Taiwan " garden " quarterly publication is advisory, obtain Japanese gardens to learn name of abroad reputation member.
Died on March 15, 2000

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