孙天仪(1890.12—1978)江苏扬州人。上海玉石雕刻厂工艺师,从事玉石雕刻六十多年。对于玉雕炉、瓶、彝、卤、尊、杯等产品有丰富的经验,并形成自己独特的风格。其设计制作的产品,造型稳重,古朴大方,纹饰多变,古色古香。
孙天仪(1890.12—1978)江苏扬州人。上海玉石雕刻厂工艺师,从事玉石雕刻六十多年。对于玉雕炉、瓶、彝、卤、尊、杯等产品有丰富的经验,并形成自己独特的风格。其设计制作的产品,造型稳重,古朴大方,纹饰多变,古色古香。曾为人民大会堂精心设计了一对青玉灯,受到好评。一九五六年选为蓬莱区政协委员,一九五七年出席全国工艺美术艺人代表大会,一九六o年当选为第三次全国文代会代表,一九六三年担任美协上海分会理事。
设计作品有《珊瑚龙》等。
孙天仪擅长仿古炉瓶的设计,对古代青铜器纹饰艺术的研究造诣尤深。他创作的青玉“宫灯”、碧玉“链条月琴瓶”和碧玉“周仲驹卣”等一批作品被国家有关部门列为艺术精品予以收藏。其中“宫灯”、“链条月琴瓶”作为国庆10周年礼品陈列于北京人民大会堂;“周仲驹卣”曾在北京、香港等地展览,受到中外宾客赞誉,后珍藏于中国工艺美术馆;珊瑚“独角龙”由上海博物馆收藏。他还善于识别玉石的性能、质地,对国内外数十种玉石材料十分熟悉。在设计制作时能按材定题,因料施艺。他的作品“独角龙”就是利用一支弯弯曲曲的珊瑚设计雕制而成的,使材料固有的自然美,经过艺术加工进一步显示出来。1962年,上海玉石雕刻厂为表彰和弘扬他的设计成果,举办了“孙天仪炉瓶设计图稿观摩展览会”,展出他当年设计的尊、爵杯、炉、鼎、彝、壶、瓶和天鸡等10个大类、22个花色图稿95张。
上海炉瓶在全国玉雕艺术中自成流派。孙天仪则是“海派”炉瓶的主要创始人。他的作品造型稳重典雅,气度堂皇。青玉“宫灯”就是这方面的代表作,采用八角形流线条,方圆结合,以人物、山水等为器身画面,取凤纹、如意心纹饰器柱,八角层梯为器底;线条挺括,形象生动。他取中国古代青铜器、陶器、玉器的造型和纹饰之精华,应用于当代玉器。在继承传统的“虎面纹”、“龙纹”和“蔸纹”的同时,又发展了“云纹”、“香草纹”、“水浪纹”、“方花纹”和“雷纹”等百余种纹饰图案。他设计的炉瓶纹饰与造型融为一体,对称协调,浑厚庄重。碧玉“周仲驹卣”的卣盖是鱼鸟纹,卣身上半部是凤纹,下部是饕餮纹,并以细雷纹衬底,这些都是殷周时期的流行纹样,古色古香,与卣的器形相协调。加上雕刻花纹的高超技艺,线条宛如游丝,细入秋毫,平实板扎,清晰秀丽,更使作品生辉。
孙天仪技艺全面、精深。他不但精于玉器设计、雕刻,而且还是位唯一善于玉器抛光的工艺师。1959年,他大胆改革抛光工艺,将氧化铬作添加剂用于玉器抛光工艺,增强了玉器光亮度,提高了产品质量。
Sun Tianyi (1890.12, person of 1978) Jiangsu Yangzhou. Shanghai jade carves plant technology division, be engaged in jade carving more than 60 years. To jade carving furnace, bottle, Yi, bittern, honour, the product such as the cup has rich experience, form oneself distinctive color. Its design made product, modelling is sedate, of primitive simplicity is easy, grain act the role ofing is changeful, antique. Elaborate design of old hall of Ceng Wei's people lamp of a pair of gray jade, get reputably. Chose 1956 for committee member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference of area of a fabled abode of immortals, attended congress of actor of countrywide arts and crafts 1957, 196 O year be elected to be represented for Wen Daihui of the 3rd whole nation, held the position of the United States 1963 assist Shanghai chapter director.
Design work has " coral dragon " etc.
Sun Tianyi is good at the design of archaize furnace bottle, to archaic bronze ware grain acts the role of artistic research attainment You Shen. The gray jade that he creates " palace lantern " , jasper " bottle of chain month musical instrument " He Biyu " Zhou Zhongju an ancient small-mouthed wine vessel " wait for a batch of work to be labelled about the branch by the country artistic high-quality goods gives collect. Among them " palace lantern " , " bottle of chain month musical instrument " as National Day 10 years of gift are displayed at hall of Beijing people congress; "An ancient small-mouthed wine vessel of week intermediate foal " and other places of Ceng Zaibei Beijing, Hong Kong is exhibited, recognition of guest of the foreign guest in getting, hind collect carefully at house of Chinese arts and crafts; Coral " alone horny dragon " collect by Shanghai museum. He still is good at identifying the function of jade, quality of a material, to tens of domestic and internationally planting jade material is familiar with very. The problem can be decided by material when the design is made, because of makings Shi Yi. His work " alone horny dragon " use a sinuate coral to design carve is made and be become namely, the nature that makes material inherent is beautiful, show further through artistic treatment come. 1962, shanghai jade carves a factory to be the design achievement that commend and promotes him, held " blueprint of bottle of Sun Tianyi furnace stalks of grain exhibition of view and emulate " , showpiece he designs in those days honour, cup of the rank of nobility, furnace, vessel, Yi, crock, bottle and day chicken 10 kinds big, graph of 22 design and color stalks of grain 95 pieces.
Shanghai furnace bottle becomes school oneself in art of countrywide jade carving. Sun Tianyi is " the sea is sent " the main author of furnace bottle. His work modelling is sedate and elegant, bearing is grandiose. Gray jade " palace lantern " the masterpiece that is this respect, use octagon to shed line, circumference is united in wedlock, wait with character, landscape for implement body picture, take Feng Wen, flexibly heart grain is acted the role of implement column, anise layer ladder is implement bottom; Line holds out draw together, image is dramatic. He takes the flower that the modelling of bronze ware of Chinese ancient time, crockery, jade article and grain act the role of, apply at contemporary jade article. In successive tradition " tiger face grain " , " Long Wen " and " Dou grain " while, developed again " Yun Wen " , " sweetgrass grain " , " Shui Langwen " , " square decorative pattern " and " Lei Wen " wait for more than 100 kinds of grain to act the role of design. Grain acts the role of the furnace bottle that he designs to be an organic whole with modelling be in harmony, semmetry is harmonious, simple and honest and grave. Jasper " Zhou Zhongju an ancient small-mouthed wine vessel " lid of an ancient small-mouthed wine vessel is ichthyornis grain, on body of an ancient small-mouthed wine vessel half are Feng Wen, bottom is gluttonous grain, and with underlay of fine thunder grain, these are the popular grain appearance of abundant week period, antique, with an ancient small-mouthed wine vessel implement look look is harmonious. Add the excellent skill that carves figure, hairspring of line just like, fine enter autumn hair, make the same score fact board to plunge into, clear and beautiful, more make work unripe brightness.
Sun Tianyi craft is comprehensive, profound. He not only design of Yu Yuqi of essence of life, sculpture, and still be a technology division that is good at jade article polish exclusively. 1959, he is bold reform polish craft, make oxidation chromium additive use technology of Yu Yuqi polish, enhanced jade article brightness, improved product quality.
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