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陆治

陆治(1496-1576)明代画家。吴县(今江苏苏州)人,字叔平,因居包山,自号包山。倜傥嗜义,以孝友称。好为诗及古文辞,善行、楷,尤心通绘事。游祝允明、文徵明门,其於丹青之学,务出其胸中奇,一时好称,几与文埒。工写生得徐、黄遗意。点染花鸟竹石,往往天造。山水受吴门派影响,也吸取宋代院体和青绿山水之长,用笔劲峭,景色奇险,意境清朗,自具风格,在吴门派画家中具有一定新意,与陈淳并重于世。晚年贫甚,衣处士服,隐支硎山,种菊自赏。有贵官子因所知某以画请,作数幅答之。其人厚其贽币以谢。治曰:吾为所知非为贫也。立却之。求其画者,请之而强必不可得,不请之乃或可得。卒年八十一。
 

  • 中文名陆治
  • 性别
  • 祖籍吴县(今江苏苏州)人
  • 出生日期1496
  • 逝世日期1576
  • 职业明代画家
  • 所属年代明代
  • 叔平
  • 自号包山
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陆治《仿王蒙山水》1650万落槌

中国美术网 09-05 浏览

2011年12月5日晚,北京保利“品藻如春——清代御笔暨宫廷书画夜场”在亚洲大酒店开拍。陆治《仿王蒙山水》以1500万起拍,几番出价之后,最后以1650万的价格...
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人物简介

陆治字叔平,别号包山子,弘治九年(1496)生于苏州包山梅梁里。陆家世代耕读,陆治从小在书香环境中成长,迁居苏州郡城之后,又因父亲与文徵明交谊深厚,于是从学于文徵明门下。早年陆治以品学兼优,先后被乡里推荐为「诸生」、「贡士」。陆治也有意参加科考担任公职,然而屡次考试,都未能中选,于是转而选择书画、园艺生涯,在艺术领域中展开另一片天地。陆治天资、学力兼具,五十岁左右隐居支硎山之后,读书作画,用功更勤,对大自然的观察和体验也逐渐深刻。从目前传世《陆包山遗稿》来看,陆治诗文多见纪游山水和咏赞植物花卉之作,淡泊宁静的生活也反映在画作裡,透出清逸脱俗的气质。陆治晚年生活清苦,甘于隐居生活,直到万曆四年(1576)去世,没有放下画笔。
       陆治的老师文徵明,学问好品德更好,陆治跟着学习作诗、写字、画画,两人像朋友一样融洽。在老师的鼓励下,陆治越画越好,把老师的方法都学会了。文徵明高兴自己文人画风有了传人,又进一步指导陆治去学习宋朝人和元朝人的笔法。陆治很用功,老师没教之前,已经对元朝画家王蒙倪瓒的笔法下过功夫,所以老师一教就画得很顺手。陆治画这幅山水时刚好四十岁,他把倪瓒的笔法画出来了,连构图的方法也是倪瓒常用的形式。倪瓒喜欢画一条河两岸的景緻,陆治也採取了类似的佈局。画中几间小屋子可能就是画文徵明的住所──玉磬山房,虽然画中房子简化了许多,陆治画来还是很有味,因为这裡也是陆治学习成长的地方,在陆治学画歷程中,能得到一位好老师指点,真是幸运。
       陆治不仅长于画山水画,也能画花鸟,目前传世作品中花鸟画约有四十幅左右,工笔、写意两种风格都有。在陆治长年隐居生活中,园艺操作也是生活的一部分。依据陆治好友王世贞的记载,陆治热衷园艺,尤其喜欢种菊花,在支硎山居园子裡有成百上千的花木。经过长期对植物生态的观察,陆治可以精确地掌握到花叶、枝干的形态,用熟练的笔法、鲜嫩的色调,在纸绢上传达无限生意。这卷工笔花卉画在绢上,笔法和设色都具有宋朝人的韵度,将花朵盛开、半开、含苞的景象以及俯仰向背的姿态,都画出来了,是陆治六十五岁山居生活观察入微之作。所画依序为杏花、蕙兰、剪秋萝、牡丹、梨花、贴梗海棠、百合花、紫薇、蔷薇、栀子花、秋海棠、牵牛花、秋葵、山茶、绿萼梅、水仙、共计十六种。

English is introduced

Painter of the Ming Dynasty (1496-1576). Wuxian (now Suzhou, Jiangsu Province), the word tert-level, due to the mountain, since the number of package mountain. Suave tropism, to filial piety friends said. Good for the poems and classical prose, good deeds, Kai, especially through painting things. Tour Zhu Yunming, Wen Zhengming door, in the Danqing school, work out its chest odd, sometimes good, a few with the text. Work painting was Xu, Huang left Italy. Dyeing flowers and birds with bamboo, often made days. The landscape is influenced by the Wu School. It also absorbs the Song Dynasty courtyard body and the green landscape. It is a novel with the pen, the scenery is odd, the scenery is clear and bright, and the style is self-styled. Poor old age, clothes at the service, hidden support Hill, planting Ju self-reward. You know the official because of a painting to please, for a few pieces of answer. Its people thick its Zhi coins to thank. Governance said: I know as a poor also. Stand it. Seeking its painter, please of the strong will not be available, not the invitation is or available. Year eighty-one.

Biography

Lu Zhi word tert-ping, alias Bao Shanzi, Hongzhi nine years (1496) was born in Suzhou Meishan. Lu family for farming read, Lu Zhi grew up in the scholarly environment, moved to Suzhou Juncheng, and because of his father and Wen Zhengming deep friendship, so from the study under the Wen Zhengming subglottic. In the early years of the land governance to learn and excellent, has been recommended as the village "Zhu Sheng", "Gong Shi." Lu Zhi also intends to participate in the scientific expedition to hold public office, but repeated examinations, are unable to choose, then turn to painting and calligraphy, gardening career, in the art field to start another piece of heaven and earth. Lu Zhi talent, both academic, fifty-year-old reclusive support Hill, the reading and painting, harder ground, the observation of nature and experience is also gradually deep. From the present handed down "Lu Baoshan Manuscripts" point of view, the land of poetry and literature more often see the history of landscape and plant flowers for praise, indifferent to the quiet life is reflected in the paintings, revealing Qingyi refined temperament. Lu rule life in his later years, willing to live in seclusion, until the Wanli four years (1576) died, did not put down the brush.
       Lu Zhi teacher Wen Zhengming, learning good morality better, Lu Zhi followed by learning to write poetry, writing, painting, the two as a friend as well. In the teacher 's encouragement, the more the better painting Luzhi, the teacher' s methods are learned. Wen Zhengming was pleased with his succession of literary style, and further guidance Luzhi to learn the Song Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty's brushwork. Lu Zhi very hard, the teacher did not teach before, has been on the Yuan Dynasty painter Wang Meng and Ni Zan under the brushwork, so a teacher to teach very easy to draw. Lu Zhi painting when the landscape is just forty years old, he painted the Ni-chan's brushwork, and even the composition of the method is Ni Zan commonly used in the form. Ni Zan like to draw a river landscape, Lu governance also adopted a similar layout. Painting a few small rooms may be painting a clear sign of the residence ─ ─ Yu Qing Shan Fang, although the house painted a lot simpler, Lu Zhi painting is still very interesting, because this is where the study and growth of land management, Lu Zhi painting process, can get a good teacher pointing, really lucky.
       Lu governance is not only longer than the landscape painting, but also can draw flowers and birds, flowers and birds in the works currently handed down about 40 or so, gongbi, freehand style has two styles. In the land governance for many years in the seclusion of life, gardening operation is also part of life. According to Lu Zhi Wang Shizhen friends records, land governance enthusiastic gardening, in particular, like to grow chrysanthemums, in the branch of the mountain garden there are hundreds of flowers and trees. After a long period of observation of plant ecology, land governance can accurately grasp the mosaic, branches of the form, with skilled brushwork, fresh colors, in the paper to convey unlimited business. This scroll of fine brushwork is painted on the silk, and the strokes and colors of the scrolls have the rhyme of the Song dynasty. The flowers are blooming, half-open, bud-like and pose-back gestures. Life observation nuanced. The paintings are in the order of apricot blossom, cymbidium, peony, peony, peony, pomegranate, lily, crape myrtle, rose, gardenia, begonias, morning glory, okra, camellia, green calyx plum, narcissus , A total of sixteen.

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