梅清 (1623---1697),字渊公,号瞿山,安徽宣城人。生于明熹宗天启三年(1623年),卒于清圣祖康熙三十六年(1697年)。顺治十一年(1654年)举人,与石涛交往友善,相互切磋画艺。石涛早期的山水,受到他的一定影响,而他晚年画黄山,又受石涛的影响。所以石涛与梅清,皆有“黄山派”巨子的誉称。 梅清以画黄山著名,“得黄山之真情”,与石涛、弘仁成为“黄山画派”中的代表人物。现代画家贺天健在《黄山派和黄山》中评道:“石涛得黄山之灵,梅瞿山得黄山之影,渐江(弘仁)得黄山之质。”他善诗和书法,并著有《天延阁集》、《瞿山诗略》,画有《黄山纪游》册。
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梅清早期所画的题材只是家乡山水、故园风情。32岁始潜心画黄山,屡登天都、莲花、云门、光明顶、文殊院、狮子林、炼丹台、蒲团松、西海门等百余处胜景,深为天下第一奇山所陶醉。从此,他在绝妙如画的山水间激情满怀,纵横驰骋,以诗人之心去感受自然,更以画家之情来表现自然,不仅写下了众多脍炙人口的优美诗篇,而且画出了无数峭拔秀美、云烟变化之胜、意境韵味无穷的黄山风景画,与黄山结下了奇缘。他自称“游黄山后,凡有笔墨,大半皆黄山也”。
梅清是画黄山奇松的高手,人们把他画的黄山松列为神品,《宣城县志》称他“善画理,墨松尤离奇,苍雄秀拔,为近来未有,海内鉴赏家无不宝贵”;《宛雅》称他“好画长松,腾攫如虬龙作势,不可博挠;购得珍如宝物,寻传入内延”;《蚕尾续集跋》说“宛陵梅渊公画松为天下第一”。
梅清的画,以真山真水为创作源泉,以饱满的真情实感,高深的诗、书、画修养和高超的艺术技巧,表现山川的秀美、画家的高洁性格和民族的博大胸怀。
梅清还是一位重友情、广交游的大家。他一生结交了很多有识之士、诗人和书画朋友。他虚心好学,锲而不舍,无所拘泥,与人交深情笃,其中志同道合者首推石涛。石涛曾多次前来宣州,在梅清作画的天廷阁谈诗论画,互诉衷肠,两人共游双塔、鳌峰。梅清在《石公从黄山来宛见贻佳画答以长歌》中写道:“我写泰山云,云向石涛飞;公写黄山云,去染瞿硎衣。白云满眼无时尽,云根冉冉归灵境。何时公向岱颠游,眉余已发黄山兴。”
梅清是一位集诗、书、画于一身的大家,他的画对“黄山画派”、“新安画派”产生了重要的影响,其作品在北京故宫博物院、安徽省博物馆均有收藏。梅清擅长山水、松石、尤其好画黄山,自谓“游黄山后,凡有笔墨,大半皆黄山矣。”他笔下的黄山,以气势取胜,行笔流动豪放,运墨酣畅淋漓。取景奇险,用线盘曲,富有运动感。有异于新安派比较生涩清峻的画风。他长期深入黄山。多写生黄山真景。虽经常自称学元代,却有自己独特的创造。他风格清俊高逸,表现山峦的云烟变幻,松多奇苍。曾用卷云皴,给人苍茫感觉。他的《宣城二十四景图册》,堪称平生呕心之作。人称他山水入妙品,松入神品。他间亦画梅,其梅画烟云历落,枝干奇古。72岁时所作的《高山流水图》轴,现收藏于北京故宫博物院。作品苍劲的运笔、酣畅的墨色、及皴法、用点均更多石涛意韵。梅清笔下松弛中见功力,零乱中求整秩,经纬明快,恬适流畅。
现今收藏家多喜欢黄山画,梅清作为黄山画派代表画家,作品更受重视,价格非常高,但高低价之间幅度也比较高,相差20多倍,说明真假难辨,泛品与精品混杂,较难把握,出售时收藏者极为重视品相,引起价格的起伏不定。总起来说, 1990年以前出售的价格高一些,以后则略低。
梅清死后葬于宣州新田镇上街头,原土墓已坍塌,1986年元月,宣州市文化局为其增土,筑成长3米、高2米。宽 2.5米的土墓,存碑一块,高0.46米、宽 0.31米。
Mei Qing (1623 --- 1697), the word deep public, Qu Shan, Anhui Xuancheng people. Born in Ming Xizong revealed three years (1623), died in the Qing Emperor Kangxi thirty-six years (1697). Junji eleven years (1654) Juren, and Shi Tao exchanges friendly, mutual discussion painting. Shi Tao's early landscapes, by his certain influence, and his later years painting Huangshan, but also by Shi Tao's influence. So Shi Tao and Mei Qing, there are "Huangshan school" giant reputation. Meiying famous painting Huangshan, "the truth of Huangshan", and Shi Tao, Hongren become "Huangshan School" in the representative figures. Modern painter He Tianjian in the "Huangshan school and Huangshan" in the comment: "Shi Tao was the spirit of Huangshan, Mei Qu Shan Huangshan shadow, gradually Jiang (Hongren) was the quality of Huangshan." He is good poetry and calligraphy, "Days extension Pavilion", "Qu Shan poetry", painting "Huangshan Ji You" book.
Mei Qing early painting theme is home landscape, hometown style. 32-year-old has always been painstakingly painted Huangshan, repeated Dengtiandu, Lotus, Cloud Gate, Guangming Ding, Wenshu, Lion Grove, alchemy Taiwan, futon, West Haimen more than one hundred scenic spots, deep intoxicated by the world's first Qishan. Since then, in his picturesque landscape full of passion, vertical and horizontal ride to the heart of the poet to feel nature, but also to the painter's feelings to express the natural, not only wrote many popular poems, and draw numerous Qiaoba beautiful , Yunyan change wins, mood infinite charm of Huangshan landscape painting, and Huangshan forged a marvel. He claimed that "after Huangshan, where there are ink, most of them are Huangshan."
Mei-ching is a master of painting Huangshan Qisong people to his paintings of Huangshan Pine as God goods, "Xuancheng County," said he "good painting theory, especially the Mexican song bizarre, Cangxiong show, not recently, Connoisseurs are all valuable ";" Wan Ya "said he" good painting long loose, Teng grab, such as Qiu Long as potential, not Bo scratch; buy treasures such as treasure, find incoming extension ";" silk tail sequel Postscript " Ling Meiyuan the world's first painting pine for the world. "
The paintings of Mei-qing are the source of true mountain water. With the full sense of true feelings, profound poems, books, paintings and superb artistic skills, they show the beauty of the mountains and rivers, the noble character of the painter and the broad mind of the nation.
Mei-ching is a heavy friendship, and we all travel. His life made a lot of people of insight, poets and painting and calligraphy friends. He is open-minded and studious, perseverance, nothing stick to mud, and people pay deep Benedict, which devaluation Shi Tao like-minded. Shi Tao has repeatedly come to Xuanzhou, in Meiqing painting Tian Ting Ge on poetry, mutual appeal Zhongchang, the two were traveling twin towers, Aofong. Mei Qing in the "stone public from Huangshan to see Yi Jia painting to answer a long song" wrote: "I wrote Taishan cloud, cloud to the Shi Tao; write Huangshan cloud, to dye Qu clothing. , When the public cloud to the Danian blue territory, Mei Yu has been made Huangshan Xing.
Mei Qing is a collection of poems, books, paintings in one of the people, his paintings of the "Huangshan School", "Xin'an Paintings" had an important impact on their works in the Beijing Palace Museum, Anhui Museum have collections . Mei Qing good at landscape, turquoise, especially good painting Huangshan, since that "tour Huangshan, where there are ink, most of them Huangshan carry on." He described the Huangshan to momentum to win, uninhibited flow of ink, ink inks dripping. Framing odd risk, with a line coil, full of movement. There are different from the Xin'an send more astringent Qing Jun style. His long-term in-depth Huangshan. More painting Huangshan really King. Although often claiming to learn Yuan Dynasty, has its own unique creation. His style Qingjun Gao Yi, the performance of the mountains and clouds change, loose more Qi Cang. Cengyun with Cun, giving a vast feeling. His "Xuancheng twenty-four King Atlas", called the nausea for life. He called him into the mountains and rivers products, pine into the gods. He also painted plum, the plum smoke cloud calendar, branches Qi Gu. 72-year-old made by the "mountain flow diagram" axis, is now in the collection of the Beijing Palace Museum. Works vigorous operation pen, hearty ink, and Cunfa, with more points Shi Tao Yi Yun. Meiying pen see relaxation in the skill, seek chaos in the whole rank, Jingwei crisp, comfortable and smooth.
Today's collectors like Huangshan painting, Meishan as the representative of Huangshan school painter, works more attention, the price is very high, but between the high and low price is relatively high, a difference of 20 times, that true and false, Pan And quality mixed, more difficult to grasp, the sale of collectors attach great importance to the product phase, causing the price fluctuations. In general, prices were higher before 1990, and slightly lower thereafter.
Mei Qing was buried in the streets of Xuanzhou Xintian town, the original tomb has collapsed, in January 1986, Xuanzhou City Cultural Bureau for its increased soil, built grow 3 meters, 2 meters high. 2.5 meters wide soil tomb, deposit monument, 0.46 meters high, 0.31 meters wide.
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