《乾隆皇帝刺虎图》轴,清乾隆,郎世宁等绘,绢本,设色,纵258.5厘米,横171.9厘米。
无作者款识、印章。钤乾隆皇帝“八徵耄念之宝”、“五福五代堂古稀天子宝”、“太上皇帝之宝”鉴藏印。
本图绘30余岁的乾隆皇帝与侍卫手握长戟,跨步向前欲刺猛虎的场面。作者运用对比的艺术手法,通过表现猛虎在乾隆皇帝的威逼下,止步不前的受惊情景,衬托出乾隆皇帝临危不惧的帝王之气。在形象上,作者为了烘托乾隆皇帝的高大,将本是兽中之王的猛虎,画得既小又弱,全然一副虎落平阳被犬欺的可怜之相。全图笔法细腻,准确地描绘出不同身份的人物所具有的不同举止及表情。从笔法上分析,画面上虽然无作者款印,但乾隆皇帝画像当为擅长写真的郎世宁所绘,虎及树木、山石等出自中国宫廷画家之手。
作为游牧民族出身的满族皇室,乾隆皇帝从12岁开始便随祖父康熙皇帝前往热河、南苑打猎。继帝位后,骑马射箭更是成为其宫廷生活中最重要的一部分,对此,乾隆皇帝谕令宫廷画家创作了大批表现其行猎瞬间的作品,以为纪念。通过这些作品可见飞禽走兽尽在其巡狩之列。
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"Qianlong Emperor Stir Tiger Picture" axis, Qing Qianlong, Lang Shining and other paintings, silk, color, 258.5 cm vertical, 171.9 cm horizontal.
No authorship, seal. Emperor Jun Qianlong's "Eight Zheng Niannian Treasures", "Five Fus and Five Dynasties Tang Ancient Rare Heavenly Son Treasures" and "Treasures of Emperor Tai Shang".
This picture shows Emperor Qianlong, over 30 years old, holding a halberd with his bodyguards and stepping forward to stab the tigers. The author uses contrastive artistic techniques to show the tiger's frightened situation under the threat of Emperor Qianlong, which set off the emperor's fearless spirit in the face of danger. In terms of image, in order to set off Emperor Qianlong's tall, the author painted the tiger, who was the king of beasts, small and weak, a pitiful picture of the tiger being bullied by the dog at the fall of Pingyang. The whole picture is delicate and accurate in describing the different behaviors and expressions of the characters with different identities. From the brushwork analysis, although there is no author's seal on the picture, the Emperor Qianlong's portrait should be painted by Lang Shining, who is good at portraying reality. Tigers, trees, rocks and other paintings came from Chinese Palace painters.
As a nomadic Manchu Royal family, Emperor Qianlong started hunting in Rehe and Nanyuan with his grandfather Emperor Kangxi at the age of 12. Following the emperor's throne, horseback riding and archery became the most important part of his court life. To this end, Emperor Qianlong ordered the court painters to create a large number of works to show their hunting moments in memory. Through these works, we can see that birds and animals are among the best in their hunting.