彼得罗·佩鲁吉诺(1446/1452 - 1523),出生彼得万努奇,是一位意大利文艺复兴时期的画家。拉斐尔是他最有名的学生。生于佩鲁贾附近的皮耶维,卒于佩鲁贾附近的丰蒂纳诺。原名彼得罗·迪克里斯托福里·万努奇。早年在A.del韦罗基奥的作坊学画,22岁加入佛罗伦萨画家行会。80年代被邀往罗马参与绘制西斯廷礼拜堂壁画。其作品《基督授钥匙于圣彼得》构图稳定,色彩明丽,代表了翁布里亚画派风格。作品传世较多,在意大利中部影响较大。
意大利画家。生于佩鲁贾附近的皮耶维,卒于佩鲁贾附近的丰蒂纳诺。原名彼得罗·迪克里斯托福里·万努奇。早年在A.del韦罗基奥﹝ Verrocchio﹞的作坊学画,22岁加入佛罗伦萨画家行会。到了1480 年代初就已经成名,被邀往罗马参与绘制西斯廷礼拜堂壁画。当时跟他一起共事的有波提且利﹝Sandro Botticelli﹞、吉尔兰戴欧﹝Domenico Ghirlandaio﹞等人。他们的壁画绘在礼拜堂四壁﹐其中属于佩鲁吉诺的有他常在意大利各地作画,因此其作品传世不少。佩鲁吉诺的艺术在意大利中部影响较大,由于他还是拉斐尔﹝Raphael﹞的老师,因而历史评价他对盛期文艺复兴美术有相当的贡献。
佩鲁吉诺被认为是翁布里亚画派中仅次于他的学生拉斐尔的最重要画家,也是最早使用油彩的意大利画家之一。擅长画柔软的彩色风景、人物和脸。画宗教题材也很拿手。他出生于佩鲁贾附近的翁布里亚,在佛罗伦萨韦罗基奥门下学习,同班同学有列奥纳多·达·芬奇。
成就
他的作品有《基督将钥匙交给彼得》(Christ Delivering the Keys to Peter)、《基督受难与使徒》(Crucifixion with Saints)和《圣母与使徒》。作品《基督授钥匙于圣彼得》构图稳定,色彩明丽,代表了翁布里亚画派风格。作品传世较多,在意大利中部影响较大。
《基督将钥匙交给彼得》(Christ Delivering the Keys to Peter)西斯汀礼拜堂,梵蒂冈这幅画的人物划分方式,与原来哥德式三联画截然不同:六个圣徒围绕着圣母、圣婴并且分组排列,无论是在空间还是概念上都形成了新的和谐。以墙作为画中的背景,又进一步突显了这幅画的构图。与其说墙是建筑物的一部份,不如说它是一个彩色画框,仿佛又回到了哥德式的画风中。
如果从画的正面来看,画面中央部份的圣母座位突出,而且位于一级台阶之上,台阶下面是向两边延伸的底座。四位圣徒或正面或侧身地立在底座上,另外还有两位圣徒,则站在下面的草地上。六位圣徒成半圆形排列,人物表现出的那种全新而鲜明的人性特征,已经开始注重个性化,所以每个人均各有其独特的表情。画作也十分注意整体气氛的营造,证明这幅画是受文艺复兴思想的影响,人物安排也采用了透视方法,这与中世纪的画作不同,中世纪往往不用正面排列,而把人物排成笔直的一行,而且画面上的人物,也常常只凝视着画面以外。
六位圣徒自左而右分别是:殉道者圣彼得、圣科斯马斯、圣达米安、福音传道者圣约翰及圣劳伦斯和圣方济各。从画中央圣母的蓝色披风上反射出的光线,到圣母座和圣婴耶稣身上的粉红色及金色,都搭配得十分和谐。
Italy painter. Born near Pijarvi, Perugia, near Perugia, near the death of Von Tina Nor. Pietro Dikristofori Vannucchi. In the early years of A.del, Vee Lo Keogh Verrocchio, the 22 year old painting workshop, joined the Florence painters' guild. By the early 1480s has been invited to participate in the Rome famous, rendering the Sistine Chapel frescoes. At that time, worked together with him with Botticelli, Sandro, Botticelli, Domenico, Ghirlandaio, Dai ou jierlan et al. The murals in the chapel walls, which belongs to the Perugino everywhere in Italy he often painted, so it works a lot. The art of Perugino great influence in central Italy, because he was Rafael, Raphael, teacher, and historical evaluation of his considerable contribution to the Renaissance art.
Perugino was considered to be the most important painter in the Umbrian school after his student Rafael, one of the painters in Italy is also the first use of paint. Good at painting soft color scenery, characters and faces. The religious theme is also very good at painting. He was born near Perugia in Umbria, studying in Florence Wei classmates Macau Rocchi, Leonardo Da Finch.
achievement
His works include "Christ's key to Peter" (Christ Delivering the to Peter), "Keys and Saints" (Crucifixion with) and "the virgin and the apostles". Give the key to St. Peter's works "Christ" stable composition, bright color, on behalf of the Umbrian style. The works handed down more, greater influence in central Italy.
"Christ will be the key to Peter" (Christ Delivering the Keys to Peter) the Sistine Chapel, characters division Vatican of the painting, painting is different from the original Gothic triple: Six saints around the virgin and child and are arranged in groups, either in space or on the formation of a new concept of harmony. The wall as the background of the painting, and further highlights the composition of the painting. It is a part of the wall of the building, it is not as good as a color picture, as if returned to the Gothic style.
If viewed from the front of the painting, the central part of the mother's seat is prominent, and is located on the top of a step. Four saints or front or sideways to stand in the base, in addition to the two saints, stood on the grass below. The six saints are arranged in a semi circle, and the new and distinctive human characteristics shown by the characters have begun to pay attention to individuality. The painting is very careful to create the overall atmosphere, that this painting is influenced by Renaissance thought, the character arrangement also uses this perspective method, and medieval paintings, middle ages often do not positive arrangement, and the characters in a line straight, and the characters on the screen, often staring at the picture outside.
The six saints from left to right are: the martyr Saint Peter, Shengkesi Maas, St. Damian, Saint John evangelist and St. Lawrence and St francis. From the middle of the painting, the virgin's blue cloak reflected light, and the infant seat to the lady Jesus's pink and gold, are very harmonious collocation.
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