弗朗西斯 · 克罗普西Jasper Francis Cropsey（1823年2月18日—1900年6月22日），美国画家。
碧玉弗朗西斯•Cropsey自画像在史坦顿岛的缩小,细节
Cropsey出生在父亲雅各Rezeau Cropsey农场在佐治亚州Rossville在史泰登岛,纽约最古老的八个孩子。作为一个年轻的男孩,Cropsey循环出现的不良健康期。虽然没上学,Cropsey自学画画。他早期的图纸包括建筑草图和景观画在记事本和利润率的教科书。
培训作为一个建筑师,他在1843年成立了自己的办公室。Cropsey研究水彩和生活图国家设计学院爱德华的指令下Maury并于1844年首先展出。一年后,他被选为一个准会员,将专门山水画;后不久,他在一个展览名为“意大利成分”。
Cropsey玛丽亚地中海1847年5月结婚,1847年至1849年在欧洲旅行,访问英国,法国,瑞士,意大利。他被选为1851年学院的正式成员。Cropsey是一个个人的朋友亨利·塔潘的总统密歇根大学从1852年到1863年。在同一年的邀请,他前往安阿伯在1855年和两幅画,其中一个底特律天文台,校园的景观。[1]他在1855年再次出国,在伦敦居住七年,发送他的照片皇家艺术学院和1862年的国际展览。
碧玉弗朗西斯Cropsey -Starrucca高架桥宾夕法尼亚州
回家,他在纽约开了一个工作室,专门在美国东北部秋天的风景画,常常理想化和鲜艳的色彩。Cropsey共同的美国社会和十的艺术家,画家在1866年水彩画。1869年Cropsey 29-room哥特复兴豪宅和工作室沃里克,纽约他叫阿拉丁。以及生活在纽约在沃里克,他花了一部分时间,直到大厦于1884年出售。1885年,他删除了哈斯丁,纽约.
Cropsey家里和工作室,有没有休息,在哈斯丁,纽约以及最大的永久藏品Cropsey的工作是对游客开放的Newington-Cropsey基金会.
碧玉Cropsey死于匿名,但在1960年代重新发现了画廊和收藏家。今天,Cropsey的画作被发现在大多数美国主要的博物馆,包括国家美术馆的艺术,大都会艺术博物馆,洛杉矶县艺术博物馆,底特律艺术学院,铁姆肯公司艺术博物馆在圣地亚哥,檀香山艺术博物馆,旧金山艺术博物馆,丹佛艺术博物馆,普林斯顿大学艺术博物馆,波士顿美术博物馆。通过Cropsey还挂在工作白宫.
埋在Cropsey和他的妻子玛丽亚断头谷公墓在断头谷,纽约.
在海边
Cropsey架构贯穿他一生的兴趣在他的画和是一个强大的影响力,最明显的在他的精确的安排和形式的轮廓。但Cropsey奢华著称的使用是最好的颜色,作为第一代成员从哈德逊河学校,画秋天的风景,震惊观众与他们的胆识和才华。作为一个艺术家,他认为自然风景是最高的艺术形式,是上帝的直接表现。他也觉得爱国与自然的关系,认为他的画描绘崎岖的和美国的未遭破坏的品质。
他的一些作品包括耶德堡修道院;Pontaine沼泽(1847);美国边远地区(1857年);里士满希尔(1862);印度夏天(1866);格林伍德湖(1870);湖Nemi在意大利(1879年);在Arreton老教堂,怀特岛(1880);拉谷(1881);秋天在哈德逊(1860):Wawayanda谷(1883);在春季在英格兰(1884);10月拉谷(1885);秋天乔治湖,阵雨的一天(1886)。
Cropsey was born on his father Jacob Rezeau Cropsey'sfarm in Rossville on Staten Island, New York, the oldest of eight children. As a young boy, Cropsey had recurring periods of poor health. While absent from school, Cropsey taught himself to draw. His early drawings included architectural sketches and landscapes drawn on notepads and in the margins of his schoolbooks.
Trained as an architect, he set up his own office in 1843. Cropsey studied watercolor and life drawing at the National Academy of Design under the instruction of Edward Maury and first exhibited there in 1844. A year later he was elected an associate member and turned exclusively to landscape painting; shortly after he was featured in an exhibition entitled "Italian Compositions".
Cropsey married Maria Cooley in May 1847, traveled in Europe from 1847–1849, visiting England, France, Switzerland, and Italy. He was elected a full member of the Academy in 1851. Cropsey was a personal friend of Henry Tappan, the president of the University of Michigan from 1852 to 1863. At Tappan's invitation, he traveled to Ann Arbor in 1855 and produced two paintings, one of the Detroit Observatory, and a landscape of the campus.[1] He went abroad again in 1855, and resided seven years in London, sending his pictures to the Royal Academy and to the International exhibition of 1862.
Returning home, he opened a studio in New York and specialized in autumnal landscape paintings of the northeastern United States, often idealized and with vivid colors. Cropsey co-founded, with ten fellow artists, the American Society of Painters in Water Colors in 1866. In 1869 Cropsey built a 29-room Gothic Revival mansion and studio inWarwick, New York that he named Aladdin. As well as living in New York City, he spent part of his time in Warwick until the mansion was sold in 1884. In 1885 he removed to Hastings-on-Hudson, New York.
Cropsey's home and studio, Ever Rest, in Hastings-on-Hudson, New Yorkas well as the largest permanent collection of Cropsey's work are open for tours by the Newington-Cropsey Foundation.
Jasper Cropsey died in anonymity but was rediscovered by galleries and collectors in the 1960s. Today, Cropsey's paintings are found in most major American museums, including the National Gallery of Art, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, the Detroit Institute of Arts, theTimken Museum of Art in San Diego, the Honolulu Museum of Art, the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, the Denver Art Museum, the Princeton University Art Museum, and the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Works by Cropsey also hang in the White House.
Cropsey and his wife Maria are buried in Sleepy Hollow Cemetery in Sleepy Hollow, New York.
Cropsey's interest in architecture continued throughout his life and was a strong influence in his painting, most evident in his precise arrangement and outline of forms. But Cropsey was best known for his lavish use of color and, as a first-generation member from the Hudson River School, painted autumn landscapes that startled viewers with their boldness and brilliance. As an artist, he believed landscapes were the highest art form and that nature was a direct manifestation of God. He also felt a patriotic affiliation with nature and saw his paintings as depicting the rugged and unspoiled qualities of America.
Some of his works include Jedburgh Abbey; Pontaine Marshes (1847);Backwoods of America (1857); Richmond Hill (1862); Indian Summer(1866); Greenwood Lake (1870); Lake Nemi in Italy (1879); Old Church at Arreton, Isle of Wight (1880); Ramapo Valley(1881); Autumn on the Hudson (1860): Wawayanda Valley (1883); Spring-time in England (1884); October in Ramapo Valley(1885); Autumn on Lake George, and A Showery Day (1886).
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