路易丝·布雷斯劳(1856年12月6日- 1927年5月12日)是一个德裔瑞士艺术家。
露意丝出生玛丽亚凯瑟琳布雷斯劳apparently-assimilated慕尼黑的德国犹太人的家庭波兰犹太人后裔,她花了她的童年苏黎世,瑞士和作为一个成年人巴黎,法国她回家(她也放弃了“玛丽亚”,可能采取“玛丽亚”不适合一个犹太人不管它的使用是为了“玛丽亚”或“玛丽”)。遭受哮喘她所有的生命,布雷斯劳转向绘画作为一个孩子帮助打发时间而局限于她的床上。虽然她成为她最追捧的肖像画家,在她死后她和她的工作都忘记了。只是在过去的几年中,布雷斯劳和她的作品已经越来越感兴趣。
布雷斯劳出生于一个富裕的中产阶级家庭,父亲是一位很受尊敬的医生专门从事妇产科。布雷斯劳两岁的时候,她的父亲接受了职位的教授、主任医师产科和妇科在苏黎世大学;瑞士成为布雷斯劳家庭所在地。悲剧触及1866年12月去世时,布雷斯劳博士突然从葡萄球菌感染感染而进行尸检。
利迪娅埃舍尔(1858 - 1892)是一个儿时的朋友路易斯·布雷斯劳在苏黎世,在她的信,她对唱歌和钢琴课,和丽迪雅的灵感来自于创造性的天才。
她父亲死后,布雷斯劳被送到附近的一个修道院康斯坦斯湖她希望减轻慢性哮喘。相信在她长期呆在修道院艺术才能醒来。在19世纪末的年轻中产阶级女士将在国内接受教育艺术包括绘画和弹钢琴。这些都是令人钦佩的属性为一个受人尊敬的妻子和母亲。追求事业是很不寻常的,经常禁止。到1874年,在瑞士艺术家借鉴当地,爱德华·Pfyffer(1836 - 1899),布雷斯劳知道她必须离开瑞士如果她想认真学习艺术的实现她的梦想。为数不多的几个地方可供研究的年轻女性Academie朱利安在巴黎。
Academie,布雷斯劳很快获得其高度重视教师的注意,她的一些同学的嫉妒,包括俄罗斯,玛丽因患。1879年,肖像兜售过时了,布雷斯劳Academie朱利安是唯一的学生女性的工作室亮相巴黎沙龙。兜售过时了是一个自我画像,其中包括她的两个朋友。不久路易丝·凯瑟琳·布雷斯劳改变了她的名字,打开自己工作室,成为一个定期撰稿人和奖章获得者在一年一度的沙龙。由于她的成功在沙龙和有利的批评者注意到,布雷斯劳收到无数来自富有的巴黎人的佣金。她最终成为第三个女人艺术家,和第一个外国女人给法国的术家荣誉勋章奖。
多年来,布雷斯劳成为著名的同事的一些最受欢迎的艺术家和作家包括埃德加德加和阿纳托尔法国。一个人在布雷斯劳的生活是非常特别的玛德琳Zillhardt她花了四十年。玛德琳同学在科学研究院朱利安,成为布雷斯劳缪斯女神、模型、知己和支持者。
在第一次世界大战,布雷斯劳和Zillhardt保持家里以外的巴黎。虽然她加入到瑞士很多年前,她展示了她对法国的忠诚通过无数的画像法国士兵和护士在他们面前。战争结束后,布雷斯劳退出公众和花了很多时间画花从她的花园和招待朋友。
1927年,布雷斯劳病故。根据她的愿望,Zillhardt继承了布雷斯劳的房地产。布雷斯劳葬在她妈妈旁边的小镇巴登,在广州阿尔高,瑞士。
Born Maria Luise Katharina Breslau into an apparently-assimilated Munich-based German Jewish family of Polish Jewishdescent, she spent her childhood in Zurich, Switzerland and as an adult made Paris, France her home (where she also dropped "Maria", perhaps taking "Maria" as inappropriate for a Jew regardless of whether its use is for "Mariam" or "Mary"). Suffering from asthma all her life, Breslau turned to drawing as a child to help pass the time while confined to her bed. Although she became one of the most sought after portraitists of her time, after her death she and her work were all but forgotten. It has only been in the past few years that interest in Breslau and her works has been growing.
Breslau was born into a prosperous bourgeois family; her father was a well-respected physician specializing in obstetrics and gynecology. When Breslau was two years old, her father accepted the position of professor and head physician ofObstetrics and Gynecology at the University of Zurich; Switzerland became home to the Breslau family. Tragedy hit in December 1866 when Dr. Breslau died suddenly from a staph infection contracted while performing a post-mortem examination.
Lydia Escher (1858–1892) was a childhood friend of Louise Breslau in Zürich, and in her letters she told to take singing and piano lessons, and Lydia was inspired by the creative genius.[2]
After her father's death, Breslau was sent to a convent near Lake Constance in hopes of alleviating her chronic asthma. It is believed that during her long stays at the convent her artistic talents were awoken. In the late 19th century young bourgeois ladies were expected to be educated in the domestic arts including drawing and playing the piano. These were admirable attributes for a respectable wife and mother. Pursuing a career was quite unusual and often prohibited. By 1874, after having taken drawing lessons from a local Swiss artist, Eduard Pfyffer (1836–1899), Breslau knew that she would have to leave Switzerland if she wanted to realize her dream of seriously studying art. One of the few places available for young women to study was at the Académie Julian in Paris.
At the Académie, Breslau soon gained the attention of its highly regarded instructors and the jealousy of some of her classmates including the Russian, Marie Bashkirtseff. In 1879, with a portrait Tout passé, Breslau was the only student from the Académie Julian women's atelier to debut at the Paris Salon. Tout passé was a self -portrait that included her two friends. Shortly afterwards Breslau had changed her name to Louise Catherine, opened her own atelier, and was becoming a regular contributor and medal winner at the annual Salon. Due to her success at the Salon and favorable notice from the critics, Breslau received numerous commissions from wealthy Parisians. She eventually became the third woman artist, and the first foreign woman artist to be bestowed France's Legion of Honor award.
Over the years, Breslau became a well-regarded colleague to some of the day's most popular artists and writers includingEdgar Degas and Anatole France. One person who was very special in Breslau's life was Madeleine Zillhardt with whom she spent over forty years. Madeleine, a fellow student at the Académie Julian, became Breslau's muse, model, confidant, and supporter.
During World War I, Breslau and Zillhardt remained at their home outside Paris. Although she naturalised to Switzerland many years earlier, she showed her loyalty for the French by drawing numerous portraits of French soldiers and nurses on their way to the Front. After the war, Breslau retired from the public and spent much of her time painting flowers from her garden and entertaining friends.
In 1927 Breslau died after a long illness. According to her wishes, Zillhardt inherited much of Breslau's estate. Breslau was buried next to her mother in the small town of Baden, in Canton Aargau, Switzerland.
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