伊斯坦布尔考古博物馆

 考古博物馆位于离托普卡普王宫西方不远处。在古代珍奇遗产宝库中可以看到完好保存的亚历山大大帝(Alexander)石棺。古代东方博物馆中展示着反映苏美尔(Sumerian)、巴比伦(Babylonian)、亚述(Assyrian)、哈梯(Hatti)以及赫梯(Hittite)等文明的大量珍贵文物。

考古博物馆最重要的收藏要项-古代石棺及希腊化时期石雕艺术品，可以串连出小亚细亚安纳托利亚高原的文化发展。

考古博物馆的兴建和十九世纪一次重要的考古发现有很大的关系，一位牧羊人在现今叙利亚境内古名为Sidon(即今日的Saida)的皇家墓园掘井时，发现了许多座的石棺，于是当时的鄂图曼皇家博物馆馆长OsmanHamdiBey立刻前往Sidon，运回这批宝贵的考古发现，并且在素檀的支持下盖了考古博物馆，这批石棺也就成了这座考古博物馆的镇馆宝，考古博物馆因此也有古棺博物馆的称号。

考古博物馆的旧馆于在正面入口的一楼及新建的右翼，伊斯坦布尔、安纳托利亚及临近地区的考古出土品则在二及三楼的新馆。

亚历山大大帝立像:右脚向前、左肩在后的立像，宛如亚历山大大帝正准备做出致命的一击，从颈部的断痕猜测，可能是用另一块大理石做好再装上去的。

女柱头:希腊雅典巴特农神殿的女柱头让我们看到柱头的在建上的支撑力，在Tralles地区也挖掘出女柱头，看来比巴特农神殿的女柱头粗一些，且两脚着地，重心微微地放在右脚，和巴特农神殿的女柱头重心全依在左脚不同。

雅典娜大战人头蛇身巨怪(ReliefofGigantomachy):以弗所等地是欧洲进入黑暗时期后，希腊及海琴海人纷纷移民至此，又因位于贸易动线上，所以以弗所等地的希腊化风格又有一种华丽复杂的表现手法，雅典娜大战人头蛇身巨怪就是一个代表性的例子。

阿波罗像:若非这具雕像有个突出的男性器官，不然可能被误以为是音乐缪司。

塔伯尼特石棺(TabnitSarcophagus):可上溯到公元前六世纪，而且是采用黑色的闪长岩，做成人体的形像，从它胸前刻的象形文字可知，它是一位埃及大将军的石棺，上头还刻了咒语，石棺出土时，完好无缺，葬在其内的木乃伊也没有被盗走，和石棺同时陈列在考古博物馆中。

哀伤女子石棺(SarcophagusofMourningWomen):这具石棺和塔伯尼特石棺、亚历山大大帝石棺并称为考古博物馆最重要的三件展品;石棺上雕的十八名表情哀伤、姿态各异的女子，分别站在一座希腊爱奥尼亚式神殿的柱子间。

亚历山大大帝石棺(AlexanderSarcophagus):大理石石棺上的雕刻，以描绘亚历山大大帝大败波斯的战争场面闻名，科学上尚不能证实这具石棺是不是亚历山大大帝的，从历史的角度来看，可能性微乎其微。

 The Archaeological Museum is located not far west of the Topkap Palace. The well-preserved sarcophagus of Alexander can be seen in the treasure house of ancient precious heritage. The ancient Oriental Museum displays a large number of precious cultural relics reflecting Sumerian, Babylonian, Assyrian, Hatti and Hittite civilizations.

The most important collection items of archaeological museums - Ancient sarcophagus and Greek fossil works of art, can link up the cultural development of the Anatolian Plateau in Asia Minor.

The construction of the Archaeological Museum was closely related to an important archaeological discovery in the nineteenth century. When a shepherd dug a well in the ancient Royal Cemetery of Sidon (today's Saida) in Syria, he found many sarcophagus. Osman Hamdi Bey, then curator of the Royal Museum of Ottoman, immediately went to Sidon for transportation. This group of valuable archaeological discoveries, and under the support of Sutan built an archaeological museum, the sarcophagus has become the town treasure of this archaeological museum, so the archaeological museum also has the title of the ancient coffin museum.

The old Archaeological Museum is located on the first floor of the front entrance and on the right wing of the new building. The archaeological excavations in Istanbul, Anatolia and adjacent areas are on the second and third floors.

The image of Alexander the Great: the image of the right foot forward and the left shoulder behind, just as Alexander the Great was preparing to make a fatal blow, guessing from the broken neck, may be done with another piece of marble and then installed.

Female stigma: The female stigma of the Parthenon in Athens, Greece, shows us the support of the construction of the stigma. The female stigma was also excavated in Tralles area. It seems that the female stigma of the Parthenon is thicker than that of the Parthenon, and the two feet are on the ground, the center of gravity is slightly on the right foot. The female stigma of the Parthenon is totally different from that of the left foot.

Relief of Gigantomachy: After Europe entered the Dark Age, Greeks and seamen immigrated to this place, and because they were on the trade line, the Greek style of Ephesus and other places had a gorgeous and complex expression, such as Athena's war head and body monster. A representative example.

Apollo: If it hadn't had a prominent male organ, it might have been mistaken for a musician.

Tabnit Sarcophagus: It dates back to the 6th century B.C. and is made of black diorite. The pictograph on its chest shows that it is the sarcophagus of an Egyptian general, with incantations carved on it. When the sarcophagus was unearthed, it was intact and there were no mummies buried in it. It was stolen and displayed in the Archaeological Museum at the same time as the sarcophagus.

Sarcophagus of Mourning Women: The sarcophagus, the Tabernett sarcophagus and the Alexander Great sarcophagus are the three most important exhibits of the Archaeological Museum. Eighteen sad-looking women carved on the sarcophagus stand among the pillars of a Greek Ionian-style temple.

Alexander Sarcophagus: The carvings on the marble sarcophagus are famous for depicting the war scenes of Alexander's defeat of Persia. It is not scientifically clear whether the sarcophagus was Alexander's. From a historical point of view, the possibility is slim.