杨妹子图册

 明陶宗仪《书史会要》有记：“杨妹子，杨后之妹。书似宁宗。远画多其所题，语关情思，人或讥之。”清孙承泽《庚子消夏录》载：“马远，在画院中最知名，余有红梅一枝，蒨艳如生，杨妹子题一诗于上。按：杨妹子者，宁宗恭圣皇后之妹，书法类宁宗。凡御府马远画，多令题之。”明王世贞则谓：“凡远画进御，乃颁赐贵戚，皆命杨娃题署。”以上所云杨妹子，皆认为杨妹子乃杨皇后之妹。

启功《启功丛稿》中《谈南宋画上题字的“杨妹子”》，认为杨娃即杨姓之误，杨姓即杨后。徐邦达先生认为将杨后和杨妹子视作二人是明清学者的讹误。理据有三：一，周密的《齐东野语》及叶绍翁的《四朝见闻录》皆证明杨后是孤儿，并无兄弟姐妹，哥哥杨次山也是后来认的，并无血缘关系；二，现存的杨氏书画题字，字体一致，只有早期、晚期的些许变化，并无出自二人之手的迹象，况且“坤宁宫翰墨”、“坤卦”、“坤宁殿”诸印，除皇后可以使用以外，非其他人可以擅用；三，在元吴师道《吴礼部集》卷四中，题《仙坛秋月图》诗注，有这样的记载“宫扇，马远画，宋宁宗后杨氏题诗，自称杨妹子”。

世传其书法类似宁宗，清代姜绍《韵石斋笔谈》评其书法“波撇秀颖，妍媚之态，映带漂湘”。今存诗六首，词一首。诗风清丽飘逸。

 诗作

【题菊花图】

莫惜朝衣准酒钱，渊明身即此花仙。

重阳满满杯中泛，一缕黄金是一年。

【题马远画梅四首】

一

重重叠叠染湘黄，此际春光已半芳。

开处不禁风日暖，乱飞晴雪点衣裳。

二

铢衣翠盖映朱颜，未委何年入帝关。

默被画工传写得，至今犹似在衡山。

三

夭桃艳杏岂相同，红润姿容冷淡中。

披拂轻烟何所似，动人春色碧纱笼。

四

浑如冷蝶宿花房，拥抱檀心忆旧香。

开到寒梢犹可爱，此般必是汉宫妆。

词作

【诉衷情·题马远松院鸣琴】

闲中一弄七弦琴，此曲少知音。多因淡然无味，不比郑声淫。

松院静，竹楼深，夜沈沈。清风拂轸，明月当轩，谁会幽心。

 Tao Zongyi of the Ming Dynasty wrote in Shu Shi Hui Yao: "Yang Meizi, Yang Hou's sister. Books are like Ningzong. There are many themes in remote paintings, which are related to emotions, people or ridicule. In Chengze's Geng Zi Xiao Xia Lu of the Qing Dynasty, Ma Yuan is the most famous painter in the academy. There is a red plum branch, which is as beautiful as life. Yang Meizi wrote a poem on it. Press: Yang Meizi, the sister of Ningzong Gongsheng Queen, and Ningzong in calligraphy. The paintings of Ma Yuan in the Imperial Palace are often mentioned. King Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty said, "Every painting in the imperial court is awarded to the noble relatives, all of them have Yang Wa's inscriptions." All of the above mentioned younger sisters believe that younger sisters are the younger sisters of Empress Yang.

In Qigong's Qigong Series of Drafts, Yang Meizi Zi, inscribed on the paintings of the Southern Song Dynasty, holds that Yang Wa is the mistake of Yang's surname and Yang's surname is Yang Hou. Mr. Xu Bangda believed that it was a mistake for scholars of Ming and Qing Dynasties to regard Yang Hou and Yang Meizi as two persons. There are three reasons: first, the thorough "Qi Dong Ye Yu" and Ye Shao-weng's "Four Dynasties Seeing and Hearing Records" all prove that Yang Hou is an orphan without brothers and sisters, and his brother Yang Cishan is later recognized and has no blood relationship; second, the existing inscriptions of Yang's calligraphy and painting have the same font, only some changes in the early and late stages, and there is no sign of their hands, and "Kunning Palace Hanmu" and "Kunning Palace Hanmu". The prints of Kun Hexagram and Kun Ning Dian can be used by nobody except the Queen. Thirdly, in Volume IV of Wu Libu Collection by Wu Shidao of the Yuan Dynasty, the poem notes titled "Autumn Moon Picture of the Celestial Temple" contain such records as "Palace Fan, Ma Yuan Picture, Yang's inscription poem by Empress Song Ningzong, calling herself Yang Meizi".

His handwriting is similar to that of Ningzong. In the Qing Dynasty, Jiang Shao's Yunshizhai Bitan commented on his handwriting "Beautiful and graceful, reflecting a drifting Hunan". There are six poems and one poem. The style of poetry is elegant and elegant.