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王问

王问(1497--1576),明代画家、诗人.字子裕,号仲山,江苏无锡人.自幼聪慧,九岁能诗文,且喜绘画,后就学于邵宝创办的二泉书院,并拜其门下.嘉庆十一年进士,历官南京兵部车驾郎中,擢广东按察佥事.后弃官归家,发誓闭门读书三十年。其长期隐居,淡泊仕途,工书善画,品行端方,画名大于诗名。所画山水、人物、花鸟皆精妙,风格独特,自成一家。

  • 中文名王问
  • 性别
  • 祖籍江苏无锡人
  • 出生日期1497
  • 逝世日期1576
  • 职业明代画家、诗人
  • 所属年代明代
  • 子裕
  • 仲山
相关作品更多
人物简介

王问明代画家。字子裕,人称仲山先生,无锡(今属江苏)人。嘉靖十七年(1538年)进士,授户部主事,历车驾郎中,擢广东按察佥事,至桐江不欲去,投劾而归,筑亭于湖滨宝界山。工诗文,能书法,山水画近南宋院体,别具面貌,亦擅人物、花鸟。
       嘉靖十一年(1532年)会试又中试,但未参加殿试,回无锡继续读书。6年后才赴京廷对,考中嘉靖十七年(1538年)进士,时已42岁。初授户部主事,监徐州仓,管理有方,降低损耗十分之二三。后调南京兵部,任车驾郎中,能体恤士卒疾苦。其时倭寇常犯境,为作好防范,他预先调查登记民间英武雄健者,动员他们及时应募。招募后,给予丰厚饷米;到他们被裁撤时,还常有余资可以带走。有人向兵部告发,请加追夺。王问毫不畏惧,据理力争。
       王问事父甚孝。在京城时期,准备迎养父亲。但父亲不愿离开家乡,嘱其画30把扇子,各题诗一首。老人日用其一,仿佛儿子每天侍奉在例。此后王问又调任广东佥事,赴任行至桐江(今浙江桐庐县),因思念老父,决心不再南下,弃官回无锡,终养其父。从此,他淡于仕进,留恋湖山林泉。在无锡惠山听松庵之侧(今听松坊)、城东照春门外绿罗庵旧址(今绿塔路附近)和五里湖南岸宝界山麓等处均筑有别业。他隐居在宝界山房(又称湖山草堂)的时间最长,30年不履城市。嘉靖三十三年曾同秦翰、顾可久、华察、王石沙等重修惠山的碧山吟社,结诗社于其间。明万历四年(1576年)逝世,终年79岁。

作品简介

《和合二仙》图轴
       寒山与拾得两位大师,是佛教史上著名的诗僧。唐代天台山国清寺隐僧寒山与拾得,行迹怪诞,言语非常,相传是文殊菩萨与普贤菩萨的化身。千百年来,以寒山与拾得为主题的绘画作品数不尽数,此画虽名不见经传,但构图却也别具一格。此画看点在于寒山与拾得所组成的“和合二仙”与民间的旺财神兽金蟾同时出现在一幅画面中,寓意着和谐兴旺吉祥,实为稀有。
       画面中二僧依旧是衣衫褴褛,赤足持帚,正在弯腰俯首,饶有兴趣的观看脚下方的一只三条腿金蟾,面露微笑,四目与金蟾的二只小眼睛在对视着,似在交流着什么,表情十分生动传神。金蟾三足舞动,似大步流星般赶来,凸肚仰视,虽只有三足,还用其中一手来与二僧打招呼,形象可爱。通过民间旺财神兽金蟾与寒山拾得组成的“和合二仙”,寓意和谐兴旺之吉祥。浓墨淡彩、渲染细腻,为明代王问绘画之杰作。
       传说中寒山是文殊菩萨的化身,拾得是普贤菩萨的化身。清朝雍正帝册封寒山为“妙觉普渡和圣寒山大士”简称“和圣”,拾得为“妙觉普渡合圣拾得大士”,简称“合圣”。相传两位高僧因为情感融洽,亲如兄弟,故民间又将其称为“和合二仙”寓意和谐合好吉祥之意。能保佑世间朋友友谊长存,情侣情意绵长。

English is introduced

Wang asked the Ming Dynasty painter. Word Zi Yu, known as Mr. Zhong Shan, Wuxi (this is a Jiangsu) people. Jiajing seventeen years (1538) Jinshi, granted by the Ministry of the principal, the calendar car driving Lang, the Guangdong investigation according to Qian things, to Tongjiang do not want to go, cast impeach and return, pavilion built in the Lake Po Jie Shan. Poetry, calligraphy, landscape painting near the Southern Song Dynasty hospital body, unique appearance, but also good characters, flowers and birds.
       Jiajing eleven years (1532) will try and try, but did not participate in the Palace test, back to Wuxi to continue reading. 6 years after the court to Beijing, Jiajing seventeen years (1538) Scholars, when 42 years old. Ministry of the beginning of grant principal, supervisor Xuzhou warehouse, well managed to reduce the loss of two-thirds. After the transfer of the Nanjing Ministry of War, the car driving Lang, compassionate soldiers suffer. At that time pirates often violate the territory, in order to take precautions, he pre-registered civil war hero, to mobilize their timely application. After the recruiting, to give a huge price meter; to be abolished, they often have more than can be taken away. It was reported to the Ministry of War, please add chase. Wang asked without fear, argue.
       The king asked his father how filial. In the capital, ready to greet his father. But his father did not want to leave his hometown, told him to draw 30 fans, each poem. One day the elderly, as if his son every day serving in the case. Since then the king asked the transfer of Guangdong Qian, went to the line to the Tongjiang (now Zhejiang Tonglu County), due to miss father, determined not to go south, abandon the official back to Wuxi, the final raising his father. Since then, he was short in the official into, nostalgia Linquan Lake. Huishan in Wuxi to listen to the side of the Song'an (now listen to Matsuri Square), east of the city according to the spring outside the green Luo'an Temple site (now near the Green Tower Road) and Wulihu south shore of the Baojie foothills, etc. are building industry. He seclusion in the Po community mountain house (also known as the Hushan cottage) the longest, 30 years of the city. Jiajing thirty-three years with the Qin Han, Gu can be long, Huazha, Wang Shisha and other heavy repair Huishan Bishan Yin Society, end poems in the meantime. Ming Wanli four years (1576) died at the age of 79 years.

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