袁江(1662—1735)字文涛,号岫泉。江都(今江苏扬州)人。是中国绘画史上有影响画家,宫廷画家,专攻山水楼阁界画。雍正时,召入宫廷为祗侯。在清康熙、雍正、乾隆时期,楼阁工整山水当以袁江最有名。当时还有他的侄子袁耀同齐名。他们两人曾受扬州的山西盐商的聘请,到山西作画,作品在北方流传较多。他擅画山水、楼台、师法宋人。山水画主要学宋代闫次平,画石多鬼皴,楼阁主要学郭忠恕,工整严密。他的绘画素材多为古代宫苑,尤长于界画。界画是我国民族绘画中很有特色的一门画科,它在东晋时代已同人物、山水画并存了,发展到宋、元时期就已达到高峰,但一直受到文人画的排挤。画艺从师仇英,山探郭忠恕笔法及赵伯驹、刘松年等青绿山水一脉,同时传工界画,成为有清一代推为第一的界画家。
袁江是中国绘画史上有影响画家,宫廷画家,专攻山水楼阁界画。雍正时,召入宫廷为祗侯。在清康熙、雍正、乾隆时期,楼阁工整山水当以袁江最有名。当时还有他的侄子袁耀同齐名。他们两人曾受扬州的山西盐商的聘请,到山西作画,作品在北方流传较多。他擅画山水、楼台、师法宋人。山水画主要学宋代闫次平,画石多鬼皴,楼阁主要学郭忠恕,工整严密。他的绘画素材多为古代宫苑,尤长于界画。界画是我国民族绘画中很有特色的一门画科,它在东晋时代已同人物、山水画并存了,发展到宋、元时期就已达到高峰,但一直受到文人画的排挤。画艺从师仇英,山探郭忠恕笔法及赵伯驹、刘松年等青绿山水一脉,同时传工界画,成为有清一代推为第一的界画家。
袁江善界画。长于山水楼阁,精湛绚丽,能粗能细。初学仇十洲,中年对古代作品尤其是宋代的山水画作过细心地摹绘。绘画技艺大增。其画传流功力深厚,尤其继承青绿山水传统,所作青绿山水,浑朴有致。中年“得无名氏所临古人画稿,技遂大进”。他将雄伟壮阔的山色与富丽堂皇的楼阁,很好地融为一体,既精细入微,又气势磅礴,有力地提高了“界画”的表现能力,被推为清代“界画”第一。如他的大幅精品代表作《骊山避暑图》,现藏北京文物事业管理局。画幅以唐明皇(玄宗)在骊山避暑游乐为题材。描绘出楼台殿阁,古树环绕,散缀于山石巨岭之间,山下湖水一片。整个画面构图繁复,场面宏大,局部精细入微,最引人注目是建在深山中的宫殿。设色极为浓重,鲜艳奇目。其山水主要学宋代阎次平;画石多鬼面皴;楼阁主要学郭忠恕,工整严密。后期多画古代宫苑图,如《梁园飞雪图》、该图以枚乘、江淹的梁园、兔园赋为依据,极尽宫苑之壮丽 。另画《东园胜概图》卷,此图用长卷形式,界画精亚,建筑物比例适当,树石形态若真,山影波光,层次深远。《东园胜概图》为其代表作。还有《汉宫秋月图》等。
袁江的作品从画风上分有精笔和细笔两路。大部分是工整细致一路的,有少量的是用笔粗放一些。袁江除工山水楼阁界画外,还兼作花卉,并也流传下来一些作品。袁耀的风格与袁江基本相同。
袁江存世作品较多,多在国内收藏,也有一些流到海外。天津市文管处收有一幅《瞻园图卷》,表现南京的园林建筑;上海博物馆藏有一幅《东园图卷》;北京文物局收有《骊山避暑图轴》,表现想象中的仙境;南京博物院藏有《海山三山图轴》,也描绘了想象中的仙境和古代建筑,瑰丽壮观,富有意境。
袁江、袁耀曾被在扬州经营盐业的山西商人聘至山西作画多年。他们被当地富室请去作画,画幅的大小方圆都与主人房屋的格式相配合。在北洋军阀统治时期,北京古画商人,由山西运至北京的袁氏真迹,大小不下百幅。袁江叔侄的作品非常为日本人所钟爱,在日本能卖到高价,但日本没有固定的国际艺术市场,一些日本收藏家则到纽约去买袁江叔侄作品。早在1983年纽约就卖过袁江的作品,当时有一幅叫作《桃花园》的作品拿出来拍卖,这幅作品于1719年,是个设色绢本屏风,描绘想象中的桃花园景色,极为富丽秀美,引起买家极大兴趣,竞争激烈,以63250美元成交。1990年又有两幅作品成交,一幅是袁江的《雪江归渔》轴,卖到7万美元;另一幅是袁江侄子袁耀的《归猎诗意图》轴,卖到45000美元。这两幅作品都是绢本,保存完好,对提高价格有所帮助。
Yuan Jiang (1662-1735) word Wentao, No. Xiuquan. Jiangdu (now Jiangsu Yangzhou) people. Chinese painting is the history of the impact of painters, court painters, specializing in landscape painting pavilion sector painting. Yongzheng, called into the court for only Hou. In the Qing emperor Kangxi, Yongzheng, Qianlong period, pavilion neatly when Yuanjiang most famous. At that time, his nephew, Yuan Yao, was equally famous. The two of them had been invited by the Shanxi salt merchants in Yangzhou to painting in Shanxi, and the works spread more in the north. He is good at painting landscapes, buildings, the Song of the division. Landscape painting The main learning Song Yan times, drawing stone ghost Cun, pavilion main school Guo Zhongshu, neat tight. His painting material for the ancient palace, especially in the border painting. The painting of boundary painting is a special painting subject in Chinese national painting. It has coexisted with people and landscape painting in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. It developed to the peak of Song and Yuan dynasties, but it has been squeezed by literati painting. Painting from the division of Qiu Ying, mountain and Guo Zhongshu brushwork Zhao Boju, Liu Songnian and other green landscape of a pulse, while the industry sector painting, as the first generation of the Qing Dynasty pushed the first painter.
Yongzheng, called into the court for only Hou. In the Qing emperor Kangxi, Yongzheng, Qianlong period, pavilion neatly when Yuanjiang most famous. At that time, his nephew, Yuan Yao, was equally famous. The two of them had been invited by the Shanxi salt merchants in Yangzhou to painting in Shanxi, and the works spread more in the north. He is good at painting landscapes, buildings, the Song of the division. Landscape painting The main learning Song Yan times, drawing stone ghost Cun, pavilion main school Guo Zhongshu, neat tight. His painting material for the ancient palace, especially in the border painting. The painting of boundary painting is a special painting subject in Chinese national painting. It has coexisted with people and landscape painting in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. It developed to the peak of Song and Yuan dynasties, but it has been squeezed by literati painting. Painting from the division of Qiu Ying, mountain and Guo Zhongshu brushwork Zhao Boju, Liu Songnian and other green landscape of a pulse, while the industry sector painting, as the first generation of the Qing Dynasty pushed the first painter.
Yuan Jiangshan sector painting. Longer than the landscape pavilion, exquisite brilliant, can be rough to fine. Beginner Chou Shi Chau, middle-aged works of ancient, especially the Song Dynasty landscape painting made meticulous depiction. Painting skills greatly increased. Its painting flow skill deep, especially inherited the green landscape tradition, made by the green landscape, muddy Park has caused. Middle-aged "was anonymous by the ancients draw the draft, then into the technology." He will be magnificent magnificent mountains and magnificent pavilions, well integrated, both meticulous and magnificent, effectively improve the "boundary painting" performance capacity, was pushed to the Qing Dynasty, "the world painting" the first. Such as his large boutique masterpiece "Lishan summer map", now possession of the Beijing Cultural Relics Bureau. Picture to the Tang Emperor (Xuanzong) in Lishan summer play for the theme. Depicting the tower Diange, surrounded by ancient trees, scattered in the mountains between the stone Jiling, a mountain water. The whole composition of the screen complex, ambitious, local fine, the most striking is built in the mountains in the palace. Color is very strong, bright Qimu. The landscape of the main school of the Song Dynasty Yan sub-Ping; painted ghost surface Cun; pavilion mainly Guo Zhongshu, neat tight. In the later period, we painted ancient palace pictures, such as "Liangyuan Feixue map", which is based on Liangyuan and Jiangyuan's garden. Another painting, "Dong Yuan Sheng map" volume, this map with a long form of scroll, fine painting sector Asia, the proportion of buildings appropriate, if the tree stone form, mountain shadow wave, level of far-reaching. "East Park wins map" as its representative. There are "Han Gong Qiuyue map" and so on.
Yuan Jiang's works from the style points are fine and fine pen two road. Most of the neat and meticulous all the way, there is a small amount of some extensive use of the pen. Yuan Jiang in addition to industrial landscape pavilion sector painting, but also doubles as flowers, and also handed down some works. Yuan Yao's style and Yuan Jiang is basically the same.
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